shitsumon ga areba, kigaru ni sensei ni kiite kudasai.

teacher

Breakdown of shitsumon ga areba, kigaru ni sensei ni kiite kudasai.

• が: subject particle
• に: indirect object particle
• 聞きく: to ask

Questions & Answers about shitsumon ga areba, kigaru ni sensei ni kiite kudasai.

What does あれば mean here, and what form is it?

あれば is the conditional form of ある, which means to exist / to have.

So:

• 質問がある = there is a question / you have a question
• 質問があれば = if you have a question / if there are any questions

In this sentence, it sets up a condition for the second part:

• 質問があれば、気軽に先生に聞いてください。
• If you have any questions, please feel free to ask the teacher.

Why is が used after 質問 instead of は or を?

Here, が marks 質問 as the thing that exists with ある.

• 質問がある = there is a question / there are questions
• not 質問をある, because ある does not normally take を
• not 質問はある here, because that would shift the focus or contrast

Using が is the standard pattern with ある when you say that something exists or is present.

Why is 気軽に used with に?