kare wa sudeni henshin o okutta ga, tenpu ga nai.

topic particle

Breakdown of kare wa sudeni henshin o okutta ga, tenpu ga nai.

• を: direct object particle
• が: subject particle
• 彼かれ: he

Questions & Answers about kare wa sudeni henshin o okutta ga, tenpu ga nai.

What does the particle は after 彼 do here? Could I use が instead?

は marks the topic (“as for him”). Using 彼が would mark him as the grammatical subject and can sound contrastive or focusy (“he (as opposed to others) sent it”). In neutral narrative, 彼は is more natural; use 彼が only when you want to emphasize who did it or answer “who?”

Do I need to say 彼 at all?

Often no. Japanese drops obvious subjects. If context is clear, you can say すでに返信を送ったが、添付がない。 In business, you’d usually use a name or role (e.g., 田中様は…) rather than 彼.

Why is が used between the two clauses? How is it different from けど/けれども/でも/しかし?

Clause-linking が means “but/however” and is slightly formal/written. Rough guide:

• が: written-neutral to formal.
• けど: casual; sentence-final softener in speech.
• けれども/ですけれども: more polite/soft.
• でも/しかし: start a new sentence; しかし is formal, でも is casual. Any could work; choose based on register.

Why is there another が after 添付?

This is the subject marker in the existential pattern Xがある/ない (“there is/there isn’t X”). 添付がない = “there’s no attachment.” If you say 添付はない, you topicalize “attachment,” adding a contrastive feel (“As for the attachment, there isn’t one [but something else might be true]”).