ryokoukeikaku o kimeru mae ni, hoteru o yoyakushimasu.

Before deciding on the travel plan, I will make a hotel reservation.

Breakdown of ryokoukeikaku o kimeru mae ni, hoteru o yoyakushimasu.

• を: direct object particle
• に: time particle
• 前まえ: before
• 旅行りょこう計画けいかく: travel plan

Questions & Answers about ryokoukeikaku o kimeru mae ni, hoteru o yoyakushimasu.

Why is を used after 旅行計画 and ホテル?

The particle を marks the direct object of a transitive verb. In this sentence, 旅行計画を決める means “decide the travel itinerary,” and ホテルを予約します means “reserve the hotel.” Each verb needs its own object marker, so を appears twice.

What does 前に mean, and why is the particle に attached?

前に means “before (doing something).” The noun 前 (“before”) becomes an adverbial time expression when you add に, linking it to the main verb 予約します. Without に, you can’t mark it as the time for the action.

Why is 決める in its plain dictionary form before 前に? Could we use other forms?

When you attach 前に to express “before doing X,” you must use the plain dictionary form (決める前に). You cannot use the past or polite form in this structure. If you want “after doing X,” you switch to the た-form plus 後で (e.g. 決めた後で).

Why is there no の between 決める and 前に?

With a verb’s plain dictionary form, you attach 前に directly. Adding の would nominalize the clause unnecessarily. You do use の when modifying nouns or after non-dictionary forms, but here 決める前に is the standard pattern.