yami no naka de raito wo tuketa.

闇の中で means in the darkness or in the dark.

The parts work like this:

• 闇 = darkness, gloom
• の = links nouns, like of or a noun modifier
• 中 = inside, middle
• で = marks the place where an action happens

So:

• 闇の中 = the inside of darkness / the darkness around someone
• 闇の中で = in the darkness, where the action took place

The の connects 闇 and 中, and the で marks the location of the action つけた.

で is used because the sentence describes the place where an action happened.

• ライトをつけた = turned on a light
• That action happened in the darkness
• So the location takes で

A simple way to remember it:

• で = where an action happens
• に = destination, existence, or a point in time

So:

• 公園で遊ぶ = play in the park
• 公園に行く = go to the park

Here, turning on the light is an action, so で is correct.

ライト is a loanword, borrowed from English light, so it is written in katakana.

Katakana is commonly used for:

• foreign loanwords
• onomatopoeia
• emphasis
• some technical terms

However, ライト can be a little vague depending on context. It may mean:

• a light
• a lamp
• a flashlight
• some kind of lighting device

In many everyday situations, Japanese speakers might also say:

• 電気 = the light/electric light in a room
• 懐中電灯 = flashlight

So ライト is possible, but the exact image depends on context.

を marks the direct object of the verb.

In this sentence:

• ライト is the thing being turned on
• so it takes を

That gives:

• ライトをつけた = turned on the light

This is the normal pattern:

• テレビをつける = turn on the TV
• 電気をつける = turn on the light
• エアコンをつける = turn on the air conditioner

Yes, つける has several meanings, and this is very common in Japanese. Depending on context, it can mean things like:

• turn on
• attach
• add
• write down
• apply something

Here, because the object is ライト, つけた means turned on.

So:

• ライトをつけた = turned on the light

This is one of the most common uses of つける.

つけた is the plain past form of つける.

So:

• つける = turn on / turns on / will turn on
• つけた = turned on

The sentence is describing a completed action, so つけた is used.

If you changed it to つける, it would sound like:

• a dictionary-form statement
• a habitual action
• or something that happens next, depending on context

But つけた clearly means the speaker is referring to something that already happened.

This is a very good question, because the word choice affects the tone.

• 闇 often sounds literary, dramatic, or emotional
• 暗闇 also means darkness, but often feels more concrete and common
• 暗いところ means a dark place and sounds more ordinary and conversational

So these have slightly different tones:

• 闇の中で = in the darkness; dramatic, atmospheric
• 暗闇の中で = in the darkness; very natural, also vivid
• 暗いところで = in a dark place; plain and everyday

So yes, 闇 is understandable, but it can sound more stylized than a basic everyday expression.

Yes. Japanese often leaves out the subject when it is obvious from context.

So the sentence could mean things like:

• I turned on the light in the darkness.
• He turned on the light in the darkness.
• She turned on the light in the darkness.
• They turned on the light in the darkness.

Japanese does this very often. If the speaker and listener already know who did it, there is no need to say the subject.

If you wanted to include one, you could say:

• 私は闇の中でライトをつけた。 = I turned on the light in the darkness.

But in many situations, 私は would be unnecessary.

Yes, Japanese word order is more flexible than English, as long as the particles stay attached to the right words.

For example, these are all possible:

• 闇の中でライトをつけた。
• ライトを闇の中でつけた。

Both are grammatical. The difference is mainly emphasis or flow.

Still, the most natural order is often:

• place + object + verb

So 闇の中でライトをつけた sounds very natural.

The verb usually comes at the end of the sentence.

Yes, it could, depending on context.

Because ライト is broad, it does not always tell you exactly what kind of light it is. It might refer to:

• a room light
• a lamp
• a flashlight
• some other lighting device

If you specifically want to say flashlight, a clearer word is:

• 懐中電灯をつけた。

If you specifically mean a room light, then:

• 電気をつけた。

So ライト is possible, but less precise.

The pattern is:

place + で + object + を + verb

In this sentence:

• 闇の中で = in the darkness
• ライトを = the light
• つけた = turned on

So the overall structure is:

In the darkness, [someone] turned on the light.

This is a very common Japanese sentence pattern:

• 部屋で本を読んだ。 = read a book in the room
• 台所でご飯を作った。 = cooked a meal in the kitchen
• 駅で友だちを待った。 = waited for a friend at the station

Your sentence follows that same basic grammar.