Questa birra è troppo fredda.

Because birra is a feminine singular noun in Italian, and the demonstrative has to agree with it.

• questo = this, masculine singular
• questa = this, feminine singular

So:

• questo vino = this wine
• questa birra = this beer

Italian agreement is something English speakers often have to get used to.

In Italian, every noun has a grammatical gender, usually masculine or feminine. Birra happens to be feminine, so words connected to it must match:

• questa birra
• la birra
• birra fredda

Grammatical gender does not always have a logical reason. It is simply part of the noun and must be learned with it.

Because demonstratives like questo / questa / questi / queste usually replace the article.

So Italian says:

• questa birra = this beer

not normally:

• la questa birra

This is similar to English, where you say this beer, not the this beer.

The accent is required because è is the verb is from essere.

• è = is
• e = and

The accent shows the difference in writing. Without it, the word would mean something else.

È is the third-person singular form of essere (to be). It links the subject to the description.

Structure:

• Questa birra = subject
• è = is
• troppo fredda = too cold

So it works just like is in English.

Because adjectives in Italian usually agree with the noun they describe.

Since birra is feminine singular, the adjective must also be feminine singular:

• masculine singular: freddo
• feminine singular: fredda
• masculine plural: freddi
• feminine plural: fredde

Examples:

• il vino è freddo
• la birra è fredda

Here, troppo is being used as an adverb meaning too, so it does not change.

• troppo fredda = too cold
• troppo caldo = too hot
• troppo costosa = too expensive

When troppo is an adverb, it stays the same.

But it can also be an adjective, and then it does agree:

• troppa birra = too much beer
• troppi soldi = too much money / too many funds

So in Questa birra è troppo fredda, troppo is invariable because it modifies fredda, not birra directly.

In this sentence, it means too.

• troppo fredda = too cold

If you want to say very cold, you would usually say:

• molto fredda

This is an important distinction:

• molto fredda = very cold
• troppo fredda = too cold, colder than desired

Yes, if it is already clear that you are talking about the beer.

• Questa birra è troppo fredda. = full version
• Questa è troppo fredda. = this one is too cold

Italian often leaves out repeated nouns when the context is obvious.

Yes, but Questa birra è troppo fredda is the most neutral and natural order.

You may also hear variations for emphasis, such as:

• È troppo fredda, questa birra.

That can sound more expressive, like This beer is too cold with extra focus on the comment.

For learners, the standard order is the safest choice.

A simple approximate pronunciation is:

KWES-ta BEER-ra eh TROP-po FREHD-da

A few helpful points:

• qu in questa sounds like kw
• è is an open eh sound
• rr in birra is usually rolled or tapped
• double consonants matter in Italian:
  • troppo
  • fredda

Those doubled consonants are pronounced more strongly than in English.

The plural would be:

Queste birre sono troppo fredde.
= These beers are too cold.

Notice how several words change to agree in the plural:

• questa → queste
• birra → birre
• è → sono
• fredda → fredde

But troppo stays the same here because it is still an adverb.

It normally refers to a specific beer: this beer.

The demonstrative questa points to something identifiable in the situation, for example:

• the beer in your hand
• the beer on the table
• the beer someone just served you

So the sentence is not about beer in general, but about a particular one.