La delibera riguarda l'area comune.

Because area starts with a vowel, and the feminine singular article la is normally shortened to l' before a vowel:

• la casa
• la stanza
• l'area
• l'isola

So l'area is just the normal elided form of la area.

Yes. Area is a feminine noun, so it takes feminine articles and adjectives:

• l'area comune
• un'area comune
• quest'area comune

That is why the sentence begins with l'area, not il or un.

Here delibera is a noun, not a verb. It is a fairly formal word and often means something like a resolution, official decision, or measure approved by a board or authority.

Depending on context, it can be used for:

• a condominium decision
• a council resolution
• an administrative measure
• a formal board decision

It sounds more official than a general word like decisione.

The article la tells you that delibera is being used as a noun:

• La delibera = the resolution / the decision

If it were a verb, it would not normally be introduced by la in this way.
As a verb, delibera can also mean he/she/it deliberates or approves formally, but that is not what is happening in this sentence.

Riguarda is the third-person singular present tense of riguardare.

So:

• io riguardo
• tu riguardi
• lui/lei riguarda
• la delibera riguarda

It means concerns, pertains to, or has to do with.

In this sentence, the subject is La delibera, so the singular verb form riguarda is used.

Because riguardare takes a direct object in Italian.

So Italian says:

• riguarda l'area comune

not:

• riguarda all'area comune
• riguarda dell'area comune

This is important for English speakers, because English often uses expressions like is about or concerns, and learners may want to insert a preposition. With riguardare, you normally do not.

In Italian, adjectives often come after the noun, especially when they are simply describing a category or characteristic.

So:

• area comune = common/shared area
• casa grande = big house
• problema serio = serious problem

That makes l'area comune the normal word order.

Here comune means shared, common, or for collective use.

In this kind of sentence, especially in property or condominium contexts, area comune usually refers to a part used by everyone, such as:

• a courtyard
• a hallway
• a garden
• a shared parking area

So comune does not mean ordinary here; it means belonging to or used by more than one person.

In standard Italian, l'area is the correct form.
Using la area sounds unnatural and is generally treated as incorrect in normal modern usage.

So the correct version is:

• La delibera riguarda l'area comune.

It is pronounced with three syllables: a-re-a.

The stress is on the first syllable:

• À-rea

This can matter because English speakers sometimes want to compress it too much. In Italian, the vowels are clearly pronounced separately.

They are similar in idea, but not identical in use.

• riguardare = to concern, to pertain to
• parlare di = to talk about
• essere su is not a normal equivalent in Italian for this kind of formal sentence

So in an official or administrative sentence, riguarda is a very natural choice.
It sounds more precise and formal than parla di.

Sometimes yes, but not always perfectly.

• area comune often sounds a bit more general or administrative
• zona comune can also work, but may suggest a zone/section more specifically

In legal, property, or condominium language, area comune is very natural and standard. So it is a good phrase to learn as a set expression.