Setelah jatuh dari sepeda, lutut saya luka, memar, dan sedikit bengkak.

Indonesian often leaves out the verb to be when describing a state.

So instead of saying something like my knee was injured, bruised, and a little swollen with a separate verb, Indonesian can simply say:

• lutut saya luka
• lutut saya memar
• lutut saya bengkak

This is very normal. The tense is understood from context, here from Setelah jatuh dari sepeda.

In Indonesian, possessive words usually come after the noun.

So:

• lutut saya = my knee
• sepeda saya = my bicycle
• rumah saya = my house

This is the regular pattern:

• noun + possessor

Setelah means after.

It introduces the earlier event:

• Setelah jatuh dari sepeda = After falling off the bicycle

So the sentence structure is:

• After falling from the bicycle, my knee was injured, bruised, and a little swollen.

It sets the time/background for what follows.

Dari means from.

With jatuh dari sepeda, the idea is fall from/off a bicycle.

• jatuh = fall
• dari sepeda = from the bicycle

Without dari, jatuh sepeda would sound incomplete or nonstandard in careful Indonesian. Native speakers may shorten things in casual speech, but jatuh dari sepeda is the normal full form.

It could. But Indonesian often omits the subject when it is obvious from context.

Here, Setelah jatuh dari sepeda naturally implies that the person speaking is the one who fell, because the next part says lutut saya.

So this is a natural shortened structure:

• Setelah jatuh dari sepeda, lutut saya...

A fuller version would be:

• Setelah saya jatuh dari sepeda, lutut saya...

Both are understandable, but the shorter one is very common.

They describe different kinds of injury:

• luka = injured, wounded, cut, having a wound
• memar = bruised / bruising
• bengkak = swollen

So the sentence piles up several descriptions of the knee’s condition.

A useful nuance:

• luka is a broader injury word
• memar is specifically a bruise
• bengkak is swelling

In Indonesian, many words can function flexibly depending on context. Here, memar is functioning like an adjective or predicate: bruised.

So in this sentence:

• lutut saya memar = my knee is bruised

You do not need a separate verb like is.

Sedikit means a little or slightly.

It modifies only bengkak:

• sedikit bengkak = slightly swollen

So the sentence means:

• the knee is injured,
• bruised,
• and a little swollen.

It does not necessarily mean slightly injured and slightly bruised too.

There are two comma uses here:

1. After the opening phrase:

   • Setelah jatuh dari sepeda, ...

   This separates the introductory time clause from the main statement.

2. In the list:

   • luka, memar, dan sedikit bengkak

   This is a list of three conditions: injured, bruised, and slightly swollen.

This punctuation works much like English.

Usually, yes, it refers to my knee in the singular, as the sentence is written.

If you wanted to be clearer about both knees, you might say:

• kedua lutut saya = both my knees

Context matters, though. Sometimes lutut saya could be understood generally, but most naturally it suggests one knee here.

Not exactly.

• sakit = sore, painful, sick, unwell
• luka = wounded/injured, having a wound

So:

• lutut saya sakit = my knee hurts
• lutut saya luka = my knee is injured / has a wound

They are related, but not the same. In this sentence, luka is more specific to physical injury from the fall.

Because once the subject is established, Indonesian can simply list the predicates after it.

So:

• lutut saya luka, memar, dan sedikit bengkak

means:

• my knee was injured, bruised, and slightly swollen

Just like in English, you do not need to repeat my knee was three times.

It is fairly neutral and natural. It would work in everyday conversation and in normal written Indonesian.

A very casual spoken version might be shorter or less tidy, but this sentence is standard and correct.