Ef súpan er of þykk, maukum við hana aðeins lengur.

Súpan means the soup. Icelandic usually adds the definite article to the end of the noun instead of using a separate word like English the.

• súpa = soup
• súpan = the soup

So in this sentence, súpan is a specific soup that is being talked about.

Ef means if.

It introduces a subordinate clause:

• Ef súpan er of þykk = If the soup is too thick

Inside that ef-clause, the word order is fairly straightforward:

• subject: súpan
• verb: er

So it works a lot like English if the soup is...

Þykk is the correct form because it agrees with súpan, which is:

• feminine
• singular
• nominative

After the verb vera (to be), Icelandic uses a predicate adjective that agrees with the subject.

So:

• súpan = feminine singular
• therefore þykk = feminine singular form of þykkur (thick)

A learner often compares forms like:

• þykkur = masculine
• þykk = feminine
• þykkt = neuter

No. Here, of means too or overly.

So:

• of þykk = too thick

This is a very common Icelandic word, but it does not correspond to English of.

Examples:

• of heitt = too hot
• of kalt = too cold
• of stór = too big

Maukum is the 1st person plural present tense of the verb mauka.

That means:

• mauka = to mash / purée / blend into a mushy or smooth consistency
• maukum = we purée / we blend / we mash

So maukum við hana means we purée it or we blend it.

This is because of Icelandic verb-second word order in main clauses.

The sentence begins with a subordinate clause:

• Ef súpan er of þykk = If the soup is too thick

After that, the main clause begins, and in Icelandic the finite verb usually comes in the second position of the main clause. Since the whole if-clause takes the first position, the verb comes next:

• Ef súpan er of þykk, maukum við hana aðeins lengur.

If you said the main clause by itself, you would normally get:

• Við maukum hana aðeins lengur. = We blend it a little longer.

So both are correct; the word order changes because the sentence starts with the if-clause.

Hana is the accusative singular feminine form of hún (she/it).

It refers back to súpan, which is a feminine noun.

Why accusative? Because it is the direct object of maukum:

• we blend it
• it = the soup
• direct object = accusative

So:

• hún = she/it
• hana = her/it (object form)

Yes. In Icelandic, nouns have grammatical gender, and pronouns agree with that gender.

Since súpa is feminine, the pronoun referring to it is feminine too:

• súpan → hana

Even though in English we usually say it, Icelandic uses the pronoun form that matches the noun’s grammatical gender.

Aðeins here means a little, slightly, or just a bit.

So:

• aðeins lengur = a little longer

It softens the statement and shows that the soup only needs a small amount of extra blending.

Because lengur is the comparative form, meaning longer.

Compare:

• lengi = for a long time / long
• lengur = longer

Since the sentence is comparing the blending time to what it was before, Icelandic uses the comparative:

• aðeins lengur = a little longer

Icelandic often uses the present tense for general instructions, recipes, and real conditional statements.

So:

• Ef súpan er of þykk, maukum við hana aðeins lengur.

can naturally mean something like:

• If the soup is too thick, we blend it a little longer.

This is similar to English recipe language, where the present tense can describe what to do in a situation.

Yes. Er is the 3rd person singular present of vera (to be).

So:

• súpan er = the soup is

It matches súpan because súpan is singular.

Yes. You could say:

• Við maukum hana aðeins lengur ef súpan er of þykk.

That means the same thing: We blend it a little longer if the soup is too thick.

The difference is mainly in emphasis and flow:

• starting with ef... puts the condition first
• starting with við... puts the action first

Both are grammatical.