אני אחכה כאן עד שתבוא.

A natural pronunciation is ani aḥaké kan ad she-tavó.

A rough English-style guide:

• a-NEE
• a-kha-KEH
• kahn
• ad
• sheh-ta-VOH

Two sound notes:

• ח in אחכה is a throaty kh/ch sound, like in loch.
• The כ in אחכה is a regular k sound here.

Yes. אחכה already means I will wait, so the subject I is built into the verb.

So both are possible:

• אני אחכה כאן עד שתבוא
• אחכה כאן עד שתבוא

Including אני can add a little emphasis or clarity, but it is often omitted in natural Hebrew.

Because in Hebrew future tense, verbs often take a prefix that shows the subject.

For many verbs:

• א־ = I
• ת־ = you / she
• י־ = he
• נ־ = we

So:

• אחכה = I will wait
• תבוא = you will come or she will come (depending on context)

It comes from the verb לחכות, meaning to wait.

Useful forms:

• לחכות = to wait
• חיכה = he waited
• אחכה = I will wait

So אחכה is the 1st person singular future form of לחכות.

Because when until is followed by a whole clause, Hebrew usually uses עד ש־.

So:

• עד מחר = until tomorrow
  
  • here עד is followed by a noun/time expression
• עד שתבוא = until you come
  
  • here עד is followed by a clause, so ש־ is added

In this sentence, עד ש־ works together as until.

That is just a difference between English and Hebrew grammar.

In Hebrew, after עד ש־, a future event is normally expressed with the future tense:

• אחכה כאן עד שתבוא

English uses a present-form idea after until:

• I’ll wait here until you come

So even though the Hebrew literally looks more like until you will come, the correct English translation is still until you come.

By itself, תבוא can mean either:

• you will come (masculine singular)
• she will come

In many Hebrew future forms, those two are identical. Context tells you which one is meant.

If you are speaking to a woman, it would be:

• עד שתבואי

So in your sentence, if the meaning shown is until you come, then תבוא is understood as you will come addressed to one male.

The part שתבוא changes:

• to one man: עד שתבוא
• to one woman: עד שתבואי
• to more than one person: עד שתבואו

So:

• אני אחכה כאן עד שתבואי = speaking to one woman
• אני אחכה כאן עד שתבואו = speaking to a group

Yes. Both פה and כאן mean here.

So this is also natural:

• אני אחכה פה עד שתבוא

A rough difference:

• פה = a bit more conversational
• כאן = neutral, and sometimes slightly more formal or written

In everyday speech, both are very common.

Somewhat, yes.

The most neutral order is:

• אני אחכה כאן עד שתבוא
• אחכה כאן עד שתבוא

You can move things for emphasis, for example:

• כאן אני אחכה עד שתבוא = Here, I’ll wait until you come

But עד שתבוא should usually stay together, because it functions as one unit: until you come.