אני חושבת שעוגה מתוקה טובה יותר מהעוגה החריפה שהוא הכין אתמול.

Because חושבת is the feminine singular form of think in the present tense.

• אני חושבת = I am thinking / I think, said by a woman
• אני חושב = I am thinking / I think, said by a man

In Hebrew, even with אני, the verb in the present tense usually shows the speaker’s gender.

Hebrew does have a word here: ש־.

In אני חושבת שעוגה מתוקה..., the ש־ attached to עוגה means that:

• אני חושבת ש... = I think that...

This ש־ is very common in spoken and written Hebrew. It is often attached directly to the next word.

In Hebrew, adjectives usually come after the noun.

So:

• עוגה מתוקה = a sweet cake
• literally: cake sweet

This is normal Hebrew word order for noun + adjective.

Because עוגה is a feminine singular noun, and adjectives must agree with the noun in gender and number.

So:

• עוגה = feminine singular
• מתוקה = feminine singular adjective
• טובה = feminine singular adjective

Compare:

• עוגה מתוקה טובה = a good sweet cake
• ספר מתוק טוב would be wrong anyway because ספר is masculine and מתוק / טוב are masculine forms

The matching is the important point:

• masculine singular: מתוק, טוב
• feminine singular: מתוקה, טובה

Hebrew often makes comparisons with:

• adjective + יותר

So:

• טובה = good
• טובה יותר = better
• literally: good more

This is a very common way to form the comparative in modern Hebrew.

Examples:

• גדול יותר = bigger
• יפה יותר = prettier / more beautiful
• טובה יותר = better

The than part is expressed by the prefix מ־ before the thing being compared.

So:

• טובה יותר מהעוגה... = better than the cake...

This מ־ is the shortened form of מן, which also means from / than in different contexts.

So the comparison pattern is:

• X יותר מ־Y = X more than Y

In this sentence:

• עוגה מתוקה טובה יותר מהעוגה החריפה
  = A sweet cake is better than the spicy cake

Because the sentence is talking about the specific cake, not just a cake.

• עוגה = a cake
• העוגה = the cake
• מהעוגה = than/from the cake

This word is made of:

• מ־ = than/from
• ה = the
• עוגה = cake

Together: מהעוגה

In Hebrew, when a noun is definite, its adjective usually becomes definite too.

So:

• עוגה חריפה = a spicy cake
• העוגה החריפה = the spicy cake

Both words take definiteness:

• העוגה = the cake
• החריפה = the spicy one / spicy

This is different from English, where only the appears once.

חריפה usually means spicy, hot, or sometimes sharp depending on context.

Here it agrees with עוגה, so it is the feminine singular form:

• masculine: חריף
• feminine: חריפה

Even if spicy cake sounds unusual, grammatically it is completely fine. The sentence may just be using an odd comparison to practice vocabulary or grammar.

Here שהוא means that he or which he, introducing a relative clause.

In:

• העוגה החריפה שהוא הכין אתמול

the part שהוא הכין אתמול means:

• that he made yesterday
• or which he made yesterday

So the whole phrase is:

• the spicy cake that he made yesterday

Yes, sometimes Hebrew can omit the pronoun in a relative clause, especially in less formal or more compact styles. But שהוא הכין is very natural and clear.

• שהוא הכין אתמול = that he made yesterday
• שהכין אתמול = that made yesterday / that he made yesterday, with the subject understood from context

Including הוא makes the subject explicit.

The verb הכין comes from the root meaning prepare.

Depending on context, it can mean:

• prepared
• made
• got ready

With food, הכין often means made or prepared:

• הוא הכין עוגה = he made / prepared a cake

So in this sentence, שהוא הכין אתמול means that he made yesterday.

הכין is past tense, masculine singular.

That is because the subject is הוא = he.

So:

• הוא הכין = he prepared / he made
• היא הכינה = she prepared / she made

The sentence mixes:

• present tense: אני חושבת = I think
• past tense inside the relative clause: שהוא הכין אתמול = that he made yesterday

In the present tense, Hebrew usually leaves out the verb to be.

So:

• עוגה מתוקה טובה יותר... literally looks like:
• sweet cake better than...

But the meaning is:

• A sweet cake is better than...

This is normal Hebrew. Present-tense is / am / are is usually not said.

אתמול means yesterday.

It modifies הכין:

• שהוא הכין אתמול = that he made yesterday

Putting אתמול at the end is very natural in Hebrew. Hebrew word order is somewhat flexible, but this placement is common and straightforward.

They are closely related, but they play different roles in the sentence.

1. אני חושבת ש...

   • here ש־ means that
   • it introduces a content clause: I think that...

2. העוגה החריפה שהוא הכין אתמול

   • here ש־ introduces a relative clause
   • it means that / which
   • the cake that he made yesterday

So it is the same form, ש־, but it can function like different kinds of that in English.

Hebrew does not have an indefinite article like English a / an.

So:

• עוגה can mean a cake or just cake, depending on context
• העוגה means the cake

That is why:

• עוגה מתוקה = a sweet cake even though there is no separate word for a

Yes. Hebrew present tense often covers both the simple present and the present progressive, depending on context.

So:

• אני חושבת can mean I think
• or I am thinking

In this sentence, the natural translation is I think.