Δεν πίνω εσπρέσο το βράδυ, γιατί δεν κοιμάμαι καλά.

Δεν means not and is the standard negation word used before verbs in Modern Greek.

So:

• πίνω = I drink
• δεν πίνω = I do not drink / I don’t drink

Greek usually places δεν directly before the verb.

Greek often leaves out subject pronouns when they are not needed, because the verb ending already shows who the subject is.

Here:

• πίνω = I drink
• κοιμάμαι = I sleep

So εγώ is unnecessary unless you want emphasis, such as:

• Εγώ δεν πίνω εσπρέσο... = I don’t drink espresso...

That would sound more contrastive or emphatic.

Πίνω means I drink, and here it is in the present tense.

In this sentence, the present tense expresses a habit or general behavior:

• Δεν πίνω εσπρέσο το βράδυ = I don’t drink espresso at night / in the evening

So it does not mean only right now. It means this is generally what the speaker does.

Here εσπρέσο is being used as a general object after πίνω, so Greek often does not use the definite article.

• πίνω εσπρέσο = I drink espresso
• πίνω τον εσπρέσο would sound more like I drink the espresso, referring to a specific one

So the absence of the article makes it more general, like English drink espresso rather than drink the espresso.

Yes, literally το βράδυ means the evening, but in Greek this expression is commonly used adverbially to mean:

• in the evening
• at night, depending on context

This is very natural Greek. Time expressions often use the article this way.

Examples:

• το πρωί = in the morning
• το μεσημέρι = at noon / in the middle of the day
• το βράδυ = in the evening / at night

So you should learn το βράδυ as a standard time phrase.

Both relate to the nighttime part of the day, but they are not used in exactly the same way.

• βράδυ usually means evening
• νύχτα means night

However, in expressions like το βράδυ, Greek often translates what English might say as at night.

So:

• Δεν πίνω εσπρέσο το βράδυ = natural Greek for I don’t drink espresso at night / in the evening

If you used τη νύχτα, it would usually feel more specifically like during the night, not just in the evening before sleep.

Here γιατί means because.

So:

• ..., γιατί δεν κοιμάμαι καλά. = ..., because I don’t sleep well.

A very important point: γιατί can also mean why in a question.

Examples:

• Γιατί δεν πίνεις εσπρέσο; = Why don’t you drink espresso?
• Δεν πίνω εσπρέσο, γιατί δεν κοιμάμαι καλά. = I don’t drink espresso, because I don’t sleep well.

So the meaning depends on whether it is introducing a question or a reason.

Because γιατί δεν κοιμάμαι καλά is giving the reason for the first part of the sentence.

Greek commonly uses a comma before a clause introduced by γιατί when it means because:

• Δεν πίνω εσπρέσο το βράδυ, γιατί δεν κοιμάμαι καλά.

This is similar to English punctuation in many cases, though punctuation rules do not always match perfectly between the two languages.

Κοιμάμαι is the normal Modern Greek verb form meaning I sleep.

This verb belongs to a group of verbs that often appear in forms sometimes described as middle/passive in shape, even when the meaning is active in English.

So:

• κοιμάμαι = I sleep
• κοιμάσαι = you sleep
• κοιμάται = he/she/it sleeps

You do not need to think of it as passive here. It simply means sleep.

Καλά here means well.

That is because it is functioning as an adverb, describing how the speaker sleeps:

• κοιμάμαι καλά = I sleep well

Compare:

• καλός / καλή / καλό = good as an adjective
• καλά = well as an adverb

So:

• καλός καφές = good coffee
• κοιμάμαι καλά = I sleep well

Not literally. It means I don’t sleep well.

That can imply poor sleep, difficulty sleeping, or not sleeping properly, depending on context. In natural English, the translation might sometimes be:

• I don’t sleep well
• I can’t sleep well
• I sleep badly

But the Greek itself is most directly I do not sleep well.

Normally it expresses a general habit or usual behavior:

• I don’t drink espresso at night, because I don’t sleep well.

The present tense in Greek often does this, just like in English:

• I don’t drink
• I don’t sleep well

Without extra context, most people would understand this as a general statement about the speaker’s routine or experience.

A rough pronunciation guide is:

Then PEE-no es-PRE-so to VRA-thi, ya-TEE then kee-MA-me ka-LA

A few notes:

• δ in δεν sounds like th in this
• β in βράδυ sounds like v
• θ in βράδυ sounds like th in think
• γιατί sounds roughly like ya-TEE
• The stress matters:
  • πίνω
  • εσπρέσο
  • βράδυ
  • γιατί
  • κοιμάμαι
  • καλά

This kind of rough guide is only approximate, but it can help at the beginning.

Yes. Το βράδυ can often be translated as:

• in the evening
• at night

The best English version depends on context.

If the idea is avoiding espresso late in the day before bed, English speakers might naturally say either:

• I don’t drink espresso in the evening
• I don’t drink espresso at night

Both are reasonable translations of this sentence.