Η φίλη μου είναι πραγματικά χαρούμενη με τον νέο βαθμό.

My friend (female) is really happy with the new grade.

Breakdown of Η φίλη μου είναι πραγματικά χαρούμενη με τον νέο βαθμό.

• είμαι: to be
• η φίλη: the female friend
• μου: my
• με: with
• νέος: new
• χαρούμενος: happy
• ο βαθμός: the grade
• πραγματικά: really

Questions & Answers about Η φίλη μου είναι πραγματικά χαρούμενη με τον νέο βαθμό.

Why is it Η φίλη and not ο φίλος at the beginning of the sentence?

Greek, like many languages, has grammatical gender.

• ο φίλος = (male) friend, masculine
• η φίλη = (female) friend, feminine

In the sentence, Η φίλη μου means my (female) friend.
The definite article changes with gender:

• Masculine: ο φίλος
• Feminine: η φίλη
• Neuter: το παιδί (the child)

So we use Η because φίλη is the feminine form.

Why is μου placed after φίλη (Η φίλη μου) instead of before it, like in English?

In Greek, the unstressed possessive pronouns (μου, σου, του, της, μας, σας, τους) usually come after the noun:

• η φίλη μου = my friend
• το βιβλίο σου = your book
• ο αδελφός μας = our brother

You cannot normally put μου before the noun the way English puts my before it.

If you want to emphasize possession, you often add δικιά / δικός / δικό:

• η δικιά μου φίλη = my own friend (stronger emphasis)

What is the role of είναι in this sentence?

είναι is the 3rd person singular of the verb είμαι (to be).

• είμαι = I am
• είσαι = you are (singular)
• είναι = he / she / it is

In the sentence, Η φίλη μου είναι πραγματικά χαρούμενη..., είναι links the subject (Η φίλη μου) with the adjective χαρούμενη (happy), just like is in English:

• My friend is happy.

What does πραγματικά do in the sentence, and where can it go?

πραγματικά is an adverb meaning really, truly.

In the sentence, it modifies the adjective χαρούμενη (happy):

• είναι πραγματικά χαρούμενη = she is really happy

Greek adverbs like this are quite flexible in position. Other natural options include:

• είναι χαρούμενη, πραγματικά (she is happy, really)
• πραγματικά είναι χαρούμενη (she really is happy – a bit more emphatic)

The original position (είναι πραγματικά χαρούμενη) is very common and neutral.

Why is χαρούμενη in the feminine form, and how would it change with a different subject?

Adjectives in Greek agree with the noun (or pronoun) in:

• gender (masculine, feminine, neuter)
• number (singular, plural)
• case (here it’s nominative, the subject)

The subject is Η φίλη μου, which is:

• feminine
• singular
• nominative

So the adjective χαρούμενος (happy) must also be:

• feminine, singular, nominative: χαρούμενη

Other forms of the same adjective:

• Masculine: χαρούμενος
• Feminine: χαρούμενη
• Neuter: χαρούμενο

Examples:

• Ο φίλος μου είναι χαρούμενος. (My [male] friend is happy.)
• Τα παιδιά είναι χαρούμενα. (The children are happy.)

What is the difference between χαρούμενη and ευτυχισμένη?

Both mean something like happy, but they’re used a bit differently:

• χαρούμενη = cheerful, glad, in a good mood
  
  • Often about a specific situation or moment.
• ευτυχισμένη = (deeply) happy, content, fulfilled
  
  • Often suggests a more lasting or profound happiness.

In this sentence, χαρούμενη fits well because she is happy with the new grade, a specific event.
Using ευτυχισμένη would sound stronger, as if the new grade makes her deeply or extremely happy in a broader sense:

• Η φίλη μου είναι ευτυχισμένη με τον νέο βαθμό.
  (Feels more intense, maybe a bit exaggerated in everyday speech.)

Why is the preposition με used here (με τον νέο βαθμό) and not something like για?

με literally means with, but it is also used, like in English, to show the cause or reason of a positive/negative feeling:

• είμαι χαρούμενος με κάτι = I am happy with something
• είμαι ικανοποιημένος με το αποτέλεσμα = I am satisfied with the result

για means for / about and is used differently:

• είμαι χαρούμενος για σένα = I am happy for you
• είναι χαρούμενη για τον βαθμό = she is happy about the grade (a bit more like “because of the grade”)

In this sentence, με τον νέο βαθμό focuses on her satisfaction with that specific grade, which is very natural Greek.

Why do we say τον νέο βαθμό and not ο νέος βαθμός?

There are two things happening here:

1. Case (accusative)
   After most prepositions in Greek, including με, the noun goes into the accusative case.

   • Nominative (subject): ο νέος βαθμός (the new grade)
   • Accusative (object, after preposition): τον νέο βαθμό

2. Definite article agreement
   βαθμός is masculine, singular, so in accusative it takes:

   • τον (masculine singular accusative article)

So we must say:

• με τον νέο βαθμό (with the new grade)

Why is the adjective νέο (in τον νέο βαθμό) placed before the noun? Can it come after?

Greek adjectives can come before or after the noun, but the usual, neutral position is before the noun:

• ο νέος βαθμός = the new grade (very normal)
• ο βαθμός ο νέος = the grade, the new one (more marked, often for contrast or emphasis)

So in everyday speech, you normally say:

• τον νέο βαθμό (the new grade)

Putting the adjective before the noun is the most common, unmarked order.

Why is νέο and not νέα or νέος used with βαθμό?

This is again agreement of the adjective with the noun in:

• gender: masculine
• number: singular
• case: accusative

βαθμός (grade, mark) is:

• masculine
• singular

In the accusative, βαθμός becomes βαθμό, and the matching adjective form is:

• Masculine nominative: νέος (ο νέος βαθμός)
• Masculine accusative: νέο (τον νέο βαθμό)

Forms of the adjective:

• Masculine: νέος (nom.), νέο (acc.)
• Feminine: νέα (nom. & acc.)
• Neuter: νέο (nom. & acc.)

So τον νέο βαθμό is grammatically correct: masculine, singular, accusative throughout.

Is the word order fixed, or could we move parts of the sentence around?

Greek word order is relatively flexible because the endings show the grammatical roles. Many variations are possible, for example:

• Η φίλη μου είναι πραγματικά χαρούμενη με τον νέο βαθμό. (neutral)
• Η φίλη μου είναι χαρούμενη πραγματικά με τον νέο βαθμό. (slightly different emphasis)
• Η φίλη μου είναι χαρούμενη με τον νέο βαθμό, πραγματικά.
• Πραγματικά, η φίλη μου είναι χαρούμενη με τον νέο βαθμό.

The original sentence is the most straightforward and neutral.
Changing the order usually changes the emphasis rather than the core meaning.