Otin kopion sopimuksesta ennen kuin lähetin sen.

I took a copy of the agreement before I sent it.

Breakdown of Otin kopion sopimuksesta ennen kuin lähetin sen.

• minä: I
• se: it
• ennen kuin: before
• lähettää: to send
• ottaa: to take
• sopimus: the agreement
• kopio: the copy

Questions & Answers about Otin kopion sopimuksesta ennen kuin lähetin sen.

What case is kopion in, and why isn’t it just kopio?

kopion here is the accusative singular, which in Finnish often shares the form of the genitive. Because otin (“I took”) expresses a completed action on the whole object (a telic event), you use the accusative (kopion) rather than the nominative (kopio) or the partitive (kopiota).

Why is sopimuksesta used instead of sopimus?

sopimuksesta is the elative case of sopimus, literally “out of/from the agreement.” The phrase kopio sopimuksesta means “a copy from the agreement,” so you need the elative ending -sta to mark the source.

What does ennen kuin mean, and why can’t we drop kun?

ennen kuin is a fixed conjunction meaning “before” when introducing a full clause. You can’t drop kun if you have two finite verbs. If you wanted to use ennen alone, it would pair with a noun or infinitive (e.g. ennen lähetystä “before the sending”), but for “before I sent it” you need ennen kuin lähetin.

Why is the pronoun sen used at the end instead of se or sitä?

After a telic verb like lähetin (“I sent”), the object is complete, so you use the accusative/genitive form sen. se is the nominative (subject) form, and sitä would be the partitive (incomplete) form, which isn’t used for a finished action.

Can I change the word order to Ennen kuin lähetin sen, otin kopion sopimuksesta?

Yes. Finnish allows flexible word order. Placing Ennen kuin lähetin sen at the front highlights the time clause, but the meaning stays the same.

What’s the difference between kopion sopimuksesta and sopimuksen kopio?

Both mean “a copy of the agreement,” but kopion sopimuksesta uses the elative (-sta) to show the copy comes from the agreement, whereas sopimuksen kopio uses the genitive (-n) on sopimus to indicate “the agreement’s copy.” They’re interchangeable in most contexts, though the first construction emphasizes taking a copy out of something.

Can I say otin sopimuksesta kopion instead of otin kopion sopimuksesta?

Yes. You can swap the order of the objects freely. Otin sopimuksesta kopion still means “I took a copy from the agreement.”