Suljen oven, koska ulkona on kylmä.

I close the door because it is cold outside.

Breakdown of Suljen oven, koska ulkona on kylmä.

• minä: I
• olla: to be
• ulkona: outside
• koska: because
• sulkea: to close
• kylmä: cold
• ovi: the door

Questions & Answers about Suljen oven, koska ulkona on kylmä.

Why is suljen used instead of a future tense like "I will close"?

Finnish doesn’t have a separate future tense like English does. The present tense in Finnish can be used to talk about future actions, so suljen covers both present and future contexts. Whether you’re closing the door now or soon, the form suljen is correct.

What is the basic form of suljen, and how does its conjugation work?

The basic form (infinitive) is sulkea (“to close”). In the present tense, first-person singular, it becomes suljen, following the pattern:
• minä suljen
• sinä suljet
• hän sulkee
• me suljemme
• te suljette
• he sulkevat

Why is the object in the partitive or not? Should it be oven or ovea?

In this sentence, you’re closing the entire door (a complete object), so oven (the accusative/genitive form) is used. If you were talking about only partially or repeatedly closing something, or if the verb was different, you might use ovea. But here, you’re performing the action on the door as a whole, hence oven.

What does koska mean, and could I use sillä or kun here?

Koska means “because,” introducing a reason. Sillä also means “because,” but it’s more formal and often used in written language. Kun can mean “when” or “as,” so it might not always carry the same strong causal meaning as koska. In this sentence, koska is the most natural choice for “because.”

Is ulkona on kylmä a common way to say “it’s cold outside”?

Yes, ulkona on kylmä is exactly how you’d say “it’s cold outside.” Finnish often uses location-based expressions like “ulkona on kylmä” (“outside is cold”) rather than something like “it is cold outside.”