خواهرم دارد میز را برای شام آماده میکند.

خواهرم means my sister.

It is made of:

• خواهر = sister
• -م = my

This -م is a possessive ending attached directly to the noun. Persian often says possession this way instead of using a separate word for my.

Examples:

• برادرم = my brother
• کتابم = my book
• دوستم = my friend

So خواهرم is literally sister-my.

This is a common way to show an action that is happening right now.

• دارد = is having / is in the process of
• می‌کند = does / makes

Together, دارد ... می‌کند gives a present progressive meaning, like:

• is preparing
• is getting ready
• is setting up

So:

• خواهرم دارد ... آماده می‌کند = My sister is preparing ...

In everyday Persian, people often use دارد + present verb for an action in progress, similar to English be + -ing.

Yes.

You could also say:

• خواهرم میز را برای شام آماده می‌کند

This can mean:

• My sister prepares the table for dinner
  or, in context,
• My sister is preparing the table for dinner

But adding دارد makes the right now / currently happening meaning clearer.

So:

• می‌کند alone = simple present, habitual, or sometimes present-in-context
• دارد می‌کند = definitely in progress right now

را marks the direct object.

Here:

• میز = table
• میز را = the table, as the thing being acted on

It tells you that the table is what your sister is preparing.

A very important point: را is usually used with a specific or definite direct object.

So میز را feels like:

• the table
• that table
• the table we already know about

This is why را is one of the first big grammar particles learners notice in Persian.

Persian usually prefers Subject - Object - Verb order.

In this sentence:

• خواهرم = subject
• میز را = object
• برای شام = prepositional phrase
• آماده می‌کند = verb phrase

So the structure is roughly:

• My sister
  • the table
    • for dinner
      • prepares

That is normal Persian word order.

English usually puts the verb earlier:

• My sister is preparing the table for dinner

Persian usually saves the main verb for the end.

آماده means ready or prepared.

But in this sentence, it is used with کردن to make a very common kind of Persian verb expression:

• آماده کردن = to prepare / to make ready

So:

• آماده می‌کند = prepares / makes ready
• دارد آماده می‌کند = is preparing / is making ready

This is an example of a compound verb, which is extremely common in Persian. Often, a noun, adjective, or other element combines with کردن or another light verb to create the full meaning.

No. Persian adjectives do not change for gender or number the way they do in many European languages.

So آماده stays the same whether the noun is:

• singular or plural
• masculine or feminine
  (Persian does not have grammatical gender like French or Spanish)

That means آماده always stays آماده here.

برای شام means for dinner.

Breakdown:

• برای = for
• شام = dinner / evening meal

So it tells you the purpose:

• she is preparing the table for dinner

This is very natural Persian.

Persian does not have a definite article like English the.

So میز can mean:

• a table
• the table

The context tells you which one is meant.

In this sentence, because of را, میز را usually feels definite or specific, so it is often understood as the table.

So Persian does not need a separate word for the here.

A helpful pronunciation guide is:

khâharam dâre miz-o barâye shâm âmâde mikone

A few notes:

• خواهرم sounds like khâ-ha-ram
• دارد in careful speech is dârad, but in conversation it is often pronounced dâre
• را after a noun is often pronounced more like -o in spoken Persian, so میز را often sounds like mizo
• می‌کند in spoken Persian often sounds like mikone

So the formal written form and the spoken form are not always identical.

The standard modern spelling is:

• می‌کند

with a half-space between می and کند.

So the fully standard version of the sentence would usually be written as:

• خواهرم دارد میز را برای شام آماده می‌کند.

Many people type میکند without the half-space, especially informally, and everyone will still understand it. But the more standard spelling is می‌کند.

A close breakdown is:

• خواهرم = my sister
• دارد = is / is in the process of
• میز را = the table
• برای شام = for dinner
• آماده می‌کند = prepares / makes ready

So very literally:

• My sister is making the table ready for dinner

A more natural English translation is:

• My sister is preparing the table for dinner
• or My sister is setting the table for dinner, depending on context

Yes, depending on context, that is a very natural translation.

Literally, آماده کردن means to prepare or to make ready, so the sentence is broader than just set the table.

It could mean things like:

• arranging plates and glasses
• getting the table ready
• preparing the dining setup

So in a dinner context, setting the table is often a very good English translation, even if the Persian wording is literally more general.