Breakdown of Als je achteruit loopt, moet je goed opletten.
Questions & Answers about Als je achteruit loopt, moet je goed opletten.
Because als introduces a subordinate clause in Dutch. In dependent clauses the finite verb moves to the very end. The structure is:
- als (subordinating conjunction)
- je (subject)
- achteruit (adverb)
- loopt (verb)
This “verb‐last” order is mandatory in subordinate clauses.
When a subordinate clause comes first, the main clause must invert: the finite verb (moet) takes the first position, and the subject (je) follows. The rest of the sentence comes after:
- moet (verb)
- je (subject)
- goed opletten (rest)
This inversion rule applies whenever you start a sentence with an adverbial or subordinate clause.
Opletten is a separable verb meaning to pay attention or to watch out.
- In a simple main clause without a modal, you split it:
• Ik let goed op. - With a modal like moeten, the entire infinitive stays together at the end:
• Je moet goed opletten.
- Als means if when talking about present or future conditions.
- Wanneer is more formal and often used in questions (“Wanneer kom je?”).
- Toen refers to a specific moment in the past, so it doesn’t fit a general conditional.
For “if” in present/future, use als.
- Achteruit = backwards (adverb)
- Lopen = to walk
Since achteruit is just an adverb modifying the verb lopen, they remain two separate words. It’s not one separable verb but a combination of adverb + verb.
- Als je achteruit loopt, let je goed op
→ describes what happens (you pay attention when you walk backwards). - Als je achteruit loopt, moet je goed opletten
→ adds necessity or obligation (you must pay attention).
So let op is a neutral statement of fact, while moet opletten expresses that it’s required.