Ik zie de vriend die in het park loopt.

I see the friend who is walking in the park.

Breakdown of Ik zie de vriend die in het park loopt.

• ik: I
• in: in
• de vriend: the friend
• lopen: to walk
• het park: the park
• zien: to see
• die: who

Questions & Answers about Ik zie de vriend die in het park loopt.

What is the function of the relative clause "die in het park loopt" in this sentence?

The relative clause "die in het park loopt" gives additional information about "de vriend." It specifies which friend is being seen by describing his current activity and location—similar to saying "who is walking in the park" in English.

Why is the relative pronoun "die" used instead of "dat"?

In Dutch, the choice between "die" and "dat" depends on the gender of the noun it refers to. Since "vriend" is a common gender noun (which takes the definite article de), the relative pronoun must be die. In contrast, neuter nouns (which take het) would use dat.

Why is the verb "loopt" positioned at the end of the relative clause?

Dutch subordinate clauses, including relative clauses, typically follow a verb-final word order. That’s why "loopt" appears at the end of "die in het park loopt"—a rule that is quite different from the more fixed subject-verb-object order in English.

What is the role of the prepositional phrase "in het park" in the sentence?

The prepositional phrase "in het park" indicates the location where the action takes place. It specifies where the friend is walking, providing important context for understanding the activity described in the relative clause.

How does the sentence structure in Dutch compare to its English equivalent?

While the overall meaning of "Ik zie de vriend die in het park loopt" is similar to "I see the friend who is walking in the park," the sentence structure differs. In Dutch, the relative clause features a verb-final order ("...die in het park loopt"), which contrasts with English where the verb typically follows the subject within the clause ("who is walking in the park").