Ik leg het boek op de tafel.

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Breakdown of Ik leg het boek op de tafel.

• het boek: the book
• de tafel: the table
• op: on
• leggen: to put

Questions & Answers about Ik leg het boek op de tafel.

What is the function and conjugation of the verb leg in this sentence?

The verb leg is the first person singular present tense form of leggen, meaning “to put” or “to place.” In Dutch, the first person singular often uses the stem form without an extra ending, so ik leg accurately denotes “I put” or “I am putting.” This shows the active action of placing the book.

What is the difference between leggen and liggen, and why is leggen used here?

Leggen is a transitive verb that means “to put” or “to lay” something down, implying an action performed on an object. In contrast, liggen is intransitive and means “to lie” or “to be located” (describing a state). Since this sentence describes the act of placing the book on the table, leggen is the correct verb to use.

Why are there different definite articles (het and de) used with boek and tafel?

Dutch nouns have grammatical genders. Boek (book) is a neuter noun and therefore takes the definite article het, while tafel (table) is a common gender noun (masculine or feminine) and uses de. Although both articles translate to “the” in English, the gender distinction is an integral part of Dutch noun usage.

What role does the prepositional phrase op de tafel play in the sentence?

The phrase op de tafel serves as a locative expression, specifying where the action occurs. It translates to “on the table,” with op meaning “on” or “onto.” This indicates the destination where the book is placed, clarifying the spatial context of the sentence.

How does the word order in Ik leg het boek op de tafel compare to the typical English structure?

The word order in this Dutch sentence closely mirrors that of English. It follows a Subject-Verb-Object structure: Ik (I) is the subject, leg (put) is the verb, het boek (the book) is the direct object, and op de tafel (on the table) functions as a locative complement. Although Dutch can rearrange elements in more complex sentences due to its verb-second rule, this simple declarative sentence is arranged similarly to English, making it easier for native English speakers to understand.