Ja, ik heb al een boek gelezen.

Yes, I have already read a book.

Breakdown of Ja, ik heb al een boek gelezen.

• ik: I
• hebben: to have
• het boek: the book
• lezen: to read
• al: already
• ja: yes

Questions & Answers about Ja, ik heb al een boek gelezen.

What does "al" mean in this sentence?

Al in Dutch means already in English. It emphasizes that the action (reading a book) is completed at an earlier point than expected. It can also add a sense of surprise or emphasis that something has happened sooner than anticipated.

Why is "ik heb gelezen" used instead of "ik las"?

Dutch uses hebben in the present perfect tense (ik heb gelezen) to connect a completed action to the present moment. Ik las (simple past) places the action entirely in the past, without the immediate relevance to now.

Should I use "heb" or "ben" when saying "I have read"?

In Dutch, most verbs form the present perfect with hebben. Verbs of motion often use zijn instead, such as Ik ben gegaan ("I have gone"). Because reading is not a movement, you use ik heb gelezen.

Where do I place "al" in this sentence?

Typically, al comes after the subject but before the main part of the verb phrase. So in Ja, ik heb al een boek gelezen, it slots in naturally between heb and een boek gelezen.

How do I pronounce "gelezen"?

Pronounce gelezen roughly as khuh-LAY-zuhn. The g is a typical Dutch guttural sound, and the e in the second syllable is pronounced like the "ay" in "day."