Min mor er på arbejde, så min far laver te i køkkenet.

Min means my.

It stays the same in min mor and min far because both mor and far are common-gender singular nouns in Danish.

A very simple pattern is:

• min = my + common-gender singular noun
• mit = my + neuter singular noun
• mine = my + plural noun

So:

• min mor = my mother
• min far = my father
• mit køkken = my kitchen
• mine forældre = my parents

Because Danish normally does not use an article when a possessive word like min is already there.

So you say:

• min mor
• min far

not something like min moren or min en mor.

This is similar to English: we say my mother, not my the mother.

Er på arbejde is a very common Danish expression meaning is at work or is working.

Word by word, it is roughly:

• er = is
• på = on / at
• arbejde = work

But you should learn på arbejde as a fixed expression. In natural English, you usually translate it as:

• is at work

not as the more literal is on work.

Because Danish prepositions often follow fixed usage, and these two expressions use different ones:

• på arbejde = at work
• i køkkenet = in the kitchen

Here:

• på is used in the set expression på arbejde
• i is used for being physically inside a room or place, like i køkkenet

So this is partly logic and partly memorization. A good approach is to learn whole chunks:

• være på arbejde
• være i køkkenet

Because the sentence contains two main clauses:

• Min mor er på arbejde
• så min far laver te i køkkenet

In standard Danish writing, main clauses are often separated by a comma.

So the comma helps show the structure:

• first statement
• then the result/consequence

Here så means so, connecting the two ideas.

In this sentence, så is a coordinating conjunction, meaning so.

It connects two main clauses, and after it you still get main-clause word order.

That is why the second clause is:

• min far laver te i køkkenet

with the subject min far before the verb laver.

So the pattern is:

• Min mor er på arbejde, så min far laver te i køkkenet.

If you are an English speaker, this is fairly friendly, because it works a lot like English so in this kind of sentence.

Yes. Laver te literally means makes tea.

The verb lave is very common in Danish and often means make or do, depending on context.

So:

• lave mad = make food / cook
• lave kaffe = make coffee
• lave te = make tea

In natural English, you might also say brews tea in some contexts, but laver te is the normal everyday Danish wording.

Because te here is being used as a mass noun or as a general substance, just like English tea in He is making tea.

So Danish says:

• laver te

not necessarily:

• laver en te

If you did say en te, that would more likely mean a tea, such as one serving or one cup in a specific context.

The -et is the definite ending, meaning the.

So:

• et køkken = a kitchen
• køkkenet = the kitchen

This is an important feature of Danish: the definite article is often added to the end of the noun instead of being a separate word.

For many neuter nouns:

• et hus → huset
• et køkken → køkkenet

So i køkkenet means in the kitchen.

Danish usually uses the simple present where English often uses either:

• the simple present, or
• the present continuous

So:

• Min mor er på arbejde can mean My mother is at work
• min far laver te can mean my father makes tea or, in this context, my father is making tea

Danish does not have a normal everyday tense that works exactly like English is making.

That means the present tense in Danish does a lot of work, and context tells you whether the action is habitual or happening right now.

A few words here may be hard for English speakers:

• mor = roughly mohr
• på = roughly paw with a rounded vowel
• så = roughly saw
• far = roughly fahr
• laver = roughly LAY-ver or LAH-ver, depending on accent and reduction
• te = roughly tay
• køkkenet = the hardest one; kø has the Danish ø sound, which does not exist in standard English
• arbejde = often pronounced much more smoothly than it looks, with reduced sounds in normal speech

Two especially important Danish vowels here are:

• å in på and så
• ø in køkkenet

A useful quick guide:

• å sounds somewhat like the vowel in British law
• ø is said with rounded lips; it is often one of the harder Danish vowels for English speakers

If you want, I can also break the whole sentence down into a slow, learner-friendly pronunciation line.