Jeg tager rosinerne ud, men min søster lader nødderne blive i fyldet.

In Danish, definiteness is usually added to the end of the noun.

• rosiner = raisins

• rosinerne = the raisins

• nødder = nuts

• nødderne = the nuts

• fyld = filling
• fyldet = the filling

So where English says the raisins, Danish often says rosinerne as one word.

They show both number and definiteness.

• -ne is a common definite plural ending

  • rosinerne = the raisins
  • nødderne = the nuts

• -et is a common definite singular ending for a neuter noun

  • fyldet = the filling

That also tells you that fyld is an et-word: et fyld.

Danish often uses a verb + particle combination, much like English take out.

Here:

• tage ud = take out, remove

In a main clause, the finite verb comes early, and the particle often stays later in the sentence:

• Jeg tager rosinerne ud

So this works a lot like English I take the raisins out.

Normally, no. With this kind of verb-particle expression, Danish usually places the object before the particle:

• Jeg tager rosinerne ud ✔
• Jeg tager ud rosinerne ✘

So the natural order is:

• tager
  • object + ud

The same pattern appears with pronouns too:

• Jeg tager dem ud = I take them out

Lader is the present tense of lade, which often means:

• let
• allow
• sometimes leave in the sense of let something remain

So:

• min søster lader nødderne blive i fyldet

means that the sister lets the nuts stay in the filling or leaves the nuts in the filling.

This is very close to English let in structure.

This is a very common pattern:

• lade
  • object + infinitive

Here:

• lader = lets/leaves
• nødderne = the nuts
• blive = stay/remain

So the structure is:

• min søster
  • lader
    • nødderne
      • blive
        • i fyldet

Compare with English:

• My sister lets the nuts stay in the filling

Notice that after lade, Danish uses the bare infinitive:

• blive, not at blive

Here blive means remain or stay.

So:

• blive i fyldet = stay in the filling / remain in the filling

That fits the idea that the nuts are not being taken out.

If you translate too literally with være, you get more of a plain state of being. Blive here highlights continuing to stay there. In other words, the sister is leaving them where they already are.

In Danish, a possessive like min, din, hans, vores usually replaces the article.

So you say:

• min søster = my sister

not:

• den min søster

This is the normal Danish pattern.

You may also hear forms like søsteren min in some contexts, especially in speech, but min søster is the basic neutral form learners should use first.

Because men is a coordinating conjunction meaning but.

It joins two main clauses:

• Jeg tager rosinerne ud
• min søster lader nødderne blive i fyldet

After men, Danish starts a new main clause, so you get regular main-clause word order again:

• subject: min søster
• finite verb: lader

So the sentence structure is very similar to English here.

Because the sentence is talking about specific ingredients in a particular mixture or recipe.

• rosinerne = the raisins
• nødderne = the nuts

This sounds like both speakers already know which raisins and nuts are meant: the ones in the filling.

If you used the indefinite forms:

• rosiner
• nødder

it would sound more general, less tied to a specific set of ingredients.

Because men joins two independent clauses, each with its own subject and finite verb:

• Jeg tager rosinerne ud
• min søster lader nødderne blive i fyldet

In standard written Danish, a comma is normally used before men in this kind of sentence.

So the comma helps show the boundary between the two clauses.