Pladsen i tasken er ikke stor nok til alle bøgerne.

Pladsen is the definite singular form of plads.

• plads = space, room
• pladsen = the space, the room

Danish often uses the definite form where English might also say the. Here, it refers to a specific amount of space: the space available in the bag.

Tasken is also a definite singular form:

• taske = bag
• en taske = a bag
• tasken = the bag

So i tasken means in the bag. The sentence is talking about a specific bag, not just any bag.

Because pladsen is a common-gender singular noun.

In Danish, adjectives usually agree like this:

• common gender singular: stor
• neuter singular: stort
• plural / definite: store

Since plads is a common-gender noun, you say stor.

Compare:

• en stor taske = a big bag
• et stort hus = a big house
• de store bøger = the big books

Even though plads means space, grammatically it behaves like a normal common-gender noun.

Here nok means enough.

So:

• stor nok = big enough
• ikke stor nok = not big enough

In Danish, enough often comes after the adjective, just like in English:

• varm nok = warm enough
• hurtig nok = fast enough
• stor nok = big enough

So ikke stor nok is a very natural pattern.

After nok, Danish often uses til before a noun phrase to mean for.

So:

• nok til noget = enough for something

Examples:

• stor nok til børnene = big enough for the children
• lang nok til turen = long enough for the trip
• ikke stor nok til alle bøgerne = not big enough for all the books

So even though English says for, Danish uses til here.

Both are possible, but they mean slightly different things.

• alle bøger = all books, books in general
• alle bøgerne = all the books, a specific set of books

In this sentence, alle bøgerne means a particular group of books that the speaker has in mind.

Formally:

• bøger = books
• bøgerne = the books

So alle bøgerne = all the books.

Because this is a main clause, and in Danish the negation ikke usually comes after the finite verb.

So:

• Pladsen i tasken er ikke stor nok ...

This is the normal pattern:

• subject + finite verb + ikke
  • rest

Examples:

• Han er ikke hjemme. = He is not home.
• Bogen er ikke dyr. = The book is not expensive.

You usually get ikke er only in certain subordinate clauses, for example:

• ... fordi den ikke er stor nok = ... because it is not big enough

So in this sentence, er ikke is exactly what you expect.

Because the meaning is inside the bag.

• i = in, inside
• på = on, on top of

Since the sentence is about the space contained within the bag, i tasken is the correct choice.

Compare:

• Der er en bog i tasken. = There is a book in the bag.
• Der er en nøgle på tasken. = There is a key on the bag.

Yes, absolutely. That is a very common and natural alternative.

Compare:

• Pladsen i tasken er ikke stor nok til alle bøgerne.
• Der er ikke plads nok i tasken til alle bøgerne.

The second version is often a bit more idiomatic in everyday Danish because Danish frequently uses der er for talking about availability or existence.

The first version is still correct; it focuses more directly on the space in the bag as the subject.

Yes. In Danish, it is very normal to describe plads with stor/lille.

Examples:

• Der er stor plads her.
• Der er ikke meget plads.
• Pladsen er for lille.

So pladsen ... er ikke stor nok is grammatical and understandable.

That said, in everyday speech, many Danes would more naturally say:

• Der er ikke plads nok i tasken ...

That version sounds a little more idiomatic, but your sentence is still perfectly valid.

A useful breakdown is:

• Pladsen = subject
• i tasken = prepositional phrase describing which space
• er = finite verb
• ikke = negation
• stor nok = adjective phrase
• til alle bøgerne = complement with til

So the structure is roughly:

[Subject] + [description of subject] + [verb] + [negation] + [adjective + nok] + [til-phrase]

This is a very common Danish sentence pattern.