Mit pasfoto ser gammelt ud, så jeg tager et nyt i morgen.

Because pasfoto is a neuter noun in Danish: et pasfoto.

Danish common-gender and neuter nouns use different possessive forms for my:

• min for common gender: min bil
• mit for neuter: mit hus

So:

• et pasfoto → mit pasfoto

A useful rule: if the noun takes et in the dictionary, you usually need mit for my.

Yes. Pasfoto is a compound noun:

• pas = passport
• foto = photo

So pasfoto means passport photo.

Danish, like German, very often joins nouns into one word. English usually writes these separately, but Danish often does not. So passport photo becomes pasfoto, not pas foto.

Because gammel must agree with the thing being described, and here that thing is pasfoto, which is neuter.

Basic pattern:

• common gender singular: en gammel bil
• neuter singular: et gammelt pasfoto

Since pasfoto is neuter, the adjective takes -t:

• Mit pasfoto ser gammelt ud.

This -t agreement is very common with neuter singular nouns.

Se ... ud means to look / appear.

So:

• Mit pasfoto er gammelt = my passport photo is old
• Mit pasfoto ser gammelt ud = my passport photo looks old

The second one is about appearance, not necessarily about the actual fact. In this sentence, that matters: maybe the photo simply looks outdated, worn, or no longer suitable.

This is a very common Danish expression:

• Han ser træt ud. = He looks tired.
• Det ser godt ud. = It looks good.

Because se ud is a verb + particle combination, and in main clauses Danish often separates them.

So the full expression is at se ud = to look / appear.

In an ordinary statement:

• Mit pasfoto ser gammelt ud.

But in an infinitive or some other structures, you may see them together more clearly as a unit:

• Det kan se gammelt ud.
• Det kommer til at se bedre ud.

A good way to learn it is to treat se ud as one expression, even though the parts may be split in the sentence.

Here så means so or therefore.

It connects the two ideas:

• Mit pasfoto ser gammelt ud = my passport photo looks old
• så jeg tager et nyt i morgen = so I’m getting a new one tomorrow

It shows result or consequence.

Be careful: så can also mean then in other contexts, so the exact meaning depends on the sentence.

Because Danish very often uses the present tense to talk about the future, especially when there is a clear time expression such as i morgen.

So:

• jeg tager et nyt i morgen literally uses present tense
• but it means I’m getting/taking a new one tomorrow

This is very natural in Danish.

Other examples:

• Jeg rejser på fredag. = I’m leaving on Friday.
• Vi ses i morgen. = We’ll see each other tomorrow.

Danish can use future forms such as vil, but it often does not need to.

Literally, tager et nyt means take a new one, and in context it means get/have a new passport photo taken.

The noun pasfoto is omitted because it is understood from the first part of the sentence. This is very natural in Danish.

Full version:

• jeg tager et nyt pasfoto i morgen

But once pasfoto is already mentioned, Danish can just say:

• jeg tager et nyt

Here nyt stands in for nyt pasfoto.

Again, because the omitted noun is pasfoto, and pasfoto is neuter:

• et pasfoto
• et nyt pasfoto

When the noun is left out, the adjective still shows the same gender:

• jeg tager et nyt

Compare:

• en ny bil → jeg køber en ny
• et nyt pasfoto → jeg tager et nyt

Because ny is the base form, and with a singular neuter noun it usually becomes nyt.

So:

• en ny jakke
• et nyt pasfoto

This is the same kind of agreement pattern as:

• en gammel bil
• et gammelt pasfoto

Many Danish adjectives add -t in the neuter singular.

Yes, it is common and natural, but you should know that Danish tage can correspond to several English verbs depending on context.

Here tage et pasfoto can mean:

• take a passport photo
• get a passport photo taken

In real life, Danish often uses tage where English might prefer get. So don’t translate too mechanically word for word.

Because så here is functioning as a coordinating conjunction meaning so, not as a fronted adverb.

That means the second clause keeps normal word order:

• så jeg tager et nyt i morgen

Compare with a true fronted element, where Danish would invert:

• I morgen tager jeg et nyt.

So here:

• first clause: Mit pasfoto ser gammelt ud
• coordinating connector: så
• second clause: jeg tager et nyt i morgen

No inversion is needed.

Yes. That is also correct.

Compare:

• så jeg tager et nyt i morgen
• så i morgen tager jeg et nyt

Both are possible, but the emphasis changes slightly.

• jeg tager et nyt i morgen sounds neutral
• i morgen tager jeg et nyt puts more focus on tomorrow

In Danish, putting a time expression first usually triggers inversion:

• I morgen tager jeg et nyt not
• I morgen jeg tager et nyt

A few things may stand out for English speakers:

• mit: the t is usually soft or very light in connected speech
• pasfoto: stress is typically on the first part, PASfoto
• ser ... ud: learn it as a chunk; ud may sound reduced in fast speech
• så has the Danish å sound, roughly like the vowel in more for many speakers, but not exactly
• nyt can be tricky because of the Danish y, which does not exist in English

If you are speaking carefully, getting the grammar right matters more first; pronunciation can be refined gradually.