Borůvky jsou dnes levné a moje maminka chce koupit marmeládu z borůvek.

In Czech, borůvky is very commonly used in the plural when talking about blueberries/bilberries as fruit in general, similar to talking about berries in English. The singular form borůvka means one blueberry / one bilberry.

So:

• borůvka = one berry
• borůvky = blueberries / bilberries

That is why the sentence says Borůvky jsou dnes levné and not a singular form.

Here jsou is the 3rd person plural form of být = to be.

Because borůvky is plural, Czech uses:

• borůvky jsou = blueberries are

Unlike in Russian, Czech normally does not omit to be in present-tense sentences like this. So Borůvky dnes levné would sound incomplete or incorrect in standard Czech.

The adjective must agree with the noun it describes.

Here, borůvky is:

• plural
• feminine
• nominative

So the adjective levný = cheap changes to the correct agreeing form:

• levný = masculine singular
• levná = feminine singular
• levné = feminine plural / neuter plural in this kind of use

So:

• borůvky jsou levné = the blueberries are cheap

This is a standard example of adjective agreement in Czech.

Yes, dnes can move around, because Czech word order is more flexible than English word order.

In this sentence:

• Borůvky jsou dnes levné

the word dnes naturally emphasizes today.

Other positions are also possible, for example:

• Dnes jsou borůvky levné
• Borůvky dnes jsou levné — possible, but less neutral

The original version sounds natural and ordinary. Czech often uses word order to highlight what is new, important, or contrasted.

Yes, both are possible.

• moje maminka
• má maminka

Both mean my mom / my mother.

In everyday Czech, moje is often felt to be slightly fuller or more emphatic, while má is shorter and sometimes a bit more neutral or stylistically lighter. In many situations, the difference is small.

Also, Czech uses possessive pronouns less rigidly than English when ownership is obvious, but here moje maminka is completely natural.

Because Czech, like English, uses a conjugated verb plus an infinitive.

• chce = wants
• koupit = to buy

So:

• maminka chce koupit marmeládu = mom wants to buy jam

This is a very common structure:

• chci jít = I want to go
• musí pracovat = he/she must work
• může přijít = he/she can come

Only the first verb is conjugated here; the second stays in the infinitive.

Because marmeládu is the accusative case, used for the direct object of koupit = to buy.

The basic form is:

• marmeláda = jam / marmalade

But after koupit, you need what? — the thing being bought. That direct object goes into the accusative:

• koupit marmeládu = to buy jam

This is a very common feminine noun pattern:

• nominative: -a
• accusative: -u

For example:

• káva → kávu
• voda → vodu
• marmeláda → marmeládu

The preposition z usually requires the genitive case.

Here:

• z = from / out of / made from
• borůvek = genitive plural of borůvky

So:

• marmeláda z borůvek = jam made from blueberries

The forms are:

• nominative plural: borůvky
• genitive plural: borůvek

So z borůvek is required by the preposition z.

Here z means something like from or made from.

So:

• marmeláda z borůvek = jam from blueberries / blueberry jam

This is a very common Czech pattern:

• šťáva z pomerančů = juice from oranges
• polévka z rajčat = soup made from tomatoes
• koláč z jablek = cake made from apples

So z + genitive often tells you what something is made from.

Yes, it is a very natural and common way to say it.

Czech often expresses this idea with:

• noun + z + genitive

So instead of putting one noun directly in front of another, as English often does, Czech frequently uses a prepositional phrase:

• marmeláda z borůvek = blueberry jam
• literally: jam from blueberries

This is one of the structural differences between English and Czech that learners notice early.

Because a means and, and in a simple coordination like this, Czech normally does not use a comma before it.

So this is standard:

• Borůvky jsou dnes levné a moje maminka chce koupit marmeládu z borůvek.

A comma would usually appear only in more special structures, not in a basic X and Y sentence like this.

It could, but it is usually unnecessary.

Czech often drops subject pronouns because the verb ending already shows the person and number:

• chce = he/she/it wants

And the subject is already stated as moje maminka, so adding ona would usually be redundant unless you want emphasis or contrast:

• Moje maminka chce koupit marmeládu.
• Ona chce koupit marmeládu, ale já ne. = She wants to buy jam, but I don’t.

So the version in the sentence is the most natural neutral one.