Breakdown of Ve středu a v pátek večer má můj bratr plán jít do kina s kamarády.
Questions & Answers about Ve středu a v pátek večer má můj bratr plán jít do kina s kamarády.
The preposition v (“in / on”) has two spoken forms: v and ve.
Czech uses ve when plain v + next consonant(s) would be hard to pronounce. The extra -e- makes pronunciation smoother.
- ve středu – starting with the cluster stř-; v středu is awkward to say
- ve škole, ve Francii, ve čtvrtek – similar reason
But pátek starts with just p, which is easy after v, so you say:
- v pátek
Meaning-wise, ve středu = “on Wednesday” and v pátek = “on Friday”; the change is only phonetic, not grammatical.
The base forms are:
- středa – Wednesday (feminine)
- pátek – Friday (masculine)
After v/ve meaning “on (day of the week)”, Czech mostly uses the accusative of the day name. But Wednesday is a fossilized exception:
- v pondělí (Mon) – forms are the same in nom/acc/loc
- v úterý (Tue) – same form again
- ve středu (Wed) – locative singular of středa
- ve čtvrtek (Thu) – accusative (same as nominative)
- v pátek (Fri) – accusative (same as nominative)
- v sobotu (Sat) – accusative
- v neděli (Sun) – accusative
So:
- středu is locative singular of středa
- pátek here is accusative singular of pátek (formally identical to nominative)
In practice, you mostly just memorize the set:
v pondělí, v úterý, ve středu, ve čtvrtek, v pátek, v sobotu, v neděli.
As written:
Ve středu a v pátek večer má můj bratr plán…
most native speakers will understand:
- “On Wednesday (unspecified time) and on Friday evening my brother has a plan…”
Grammatically and by closeness, večer attaches only to v pátek.
If you want to say clearly “on Wednesday evening and on Friday evening”, you would normally repeat večer:
- Ve středu večer a v pátek večer má můj bratr plán jít do kina…
It is grammatical, but it sounds a bit stiff or bookish. More natural options are:
Můj bratr plánuje jít do kina s kamarády.
(“My brother is planning to go to the cinema with friends.”)Můj bratr má v plánu jít do kina s kamarády.
(very close to “has a plan to go to the cinema”)
The noun plán is often used with:
- mít plán na něco – Mám plán na víkend.
- mít v plánu něco udělat – Mám v plánu jít do kina.
or you simply use the verb plánovat.
Czech word order is flexible and is largely about emphasis and what is already known (topic) versus new information.
Neutral, typical order here would be:
- Můj bratr má plán jít do kina s kamarády.
(Subject – Verb – Object)
Putting the verb first, Má můj bratr plán…, would usually:
- sound more marked or stylistic
- put a bit more emphasis on má (“does have / has”) or on the existence of the plan
For learners, it is safer and more natural to stick to můj bratr má plán… unless you have a specific reason to front the verb.
After a noun like plán, Czech often uses an infinitive to express “plan to do something”:
- Má plán jít do kina.
= “He has a plan to go to the cinema.”
Here jít (“to go [on foot]”) stays in the infinitive because it’s directly dependent on the noun plán.
You could also say:
- Má plán, že půjde do kina.
(“He has a plan that he will go to the cinema.” – more formal / heavier)
So:
- plán jít do kina – plan to go to the cinema (infinitive phrase)
- plán, že půjde do kina – plan that he will go (finite verb in a clause)
Both are possible; the infinitive version is more compact and common in speech.
The base noun is kino (“cinema”).
The preposition do (“to, into”) always takes the genitive case:
- do + genitive
For kino:
- nominative: kino
- genitive: kina
So:
- jít do kina = “to go to the cinema” (literally “go into cinema”)
Compare:
- jít do školy – go to school
- jít do práce – go to work
- jít do divadla – go to the theatre
When you are already there, you switch to v/ve + locative:
- jsem v kině – I am in/at the cinema
- byli jsme v kině – we were at the cinema
kina and kině are different cases of kino:
- kina – genitive singular
- kině – locative singular
The rule is:
- do → always genitive → do kina
- v / ve / na / o / po / při (in, at, on, about, after, during) → often locative → v kině
So:
- Jdu do kina. – I’m going to the cinema. (motion into → do + genitive)
- Jsem v kině. – I’m at the cinema. (location at rest → v + locative)
Even though English uses “to” in both “go to” and “be at”, Czech keeps motion (do + genitive) and place (v + locative) clearly separate.
The base noun is:
- kamarád – (male) friend
The preposition s (“with”) requires the instrumental case:
- s + instrumental
Declension (masculine animate):
- nominative singular: kamarád
- instrumental singular: kamarádem – s kamarádem (with a friend)
- nominative plural: kamarádi
- instrumental plural: kamarády – s kamarády (with friends)
So kamarády is the instrumental plural form, used because of the preposition s.
s and se are two forms of the same preposition “with”. se appears to make pronunciation easier.
Very simplified rule of thumb:
- Use se before words that begin with:
- s, z, š, ž
- or with a cluster of consonants that would be hard after plain s
Examples with se:
- se sestrou – with (my) sister
- se psem – with the dog (s psem would be hard to pronounce)
- se mnou – with me
- se všemi – with everyone
- se studentem – with a student
Examples with s:
- s kamarády – with friends
- s mámou – with mum
- s tebou – with you
- s Petrem – with Petr
In your sentence, s kamarády is easy to pronounce, so s is used.
Czech has no articles at all. There is no direct equivalent of English a / an / the.
- můj bratr – can mean “my brother” or “my (the) brother” depending on context
- plán – can mean “a plan” or “the plan”
- kino – “a/the cinema”
- kamarády – “(some) friends / the friends”
Definiteness is expressed mainly through:
- context
- word order and emphasis
- sometimes demonstratives like ten, ta, to (“that / this”) if you really need to be explicit
Yes, that sentence is grammatical, but the meaning changes:
- má plán jít do kina – “he has a plan to go to the cinema” (his intention)
- má jít do kina – “he is supposed to go / is meant to go to the cinema” (arrangement, duty, expectation)
So:
- Ve středu a v pátek večer má můj bratr jít do kina s kamarády.
suggests that according to some schedule, arrangement, or obligation, he is to go to the cinema with friends on those days. It does not emphasize that it’s his own plan in the same way.