Susjeda je jučer posadila dvije ruže na terasi.

to be

Breakdown of Susjeda je jučer posadila dvije ruže na terasi.

• na: on
• jučer: yesterday
• susjeda: neighbor

Questions & Answers about Susjeda je jučer posadila dvije ruže na terasi.

Why is susjeda used here, and what case is it in?

Susjeda means female neighbor / neighbour. Here it is the subject of the sentence, so it is in the nominative singular.

A useful contrast:

• susjed = male neighbor
• susjeda = female neighbor

So the sentence is specifically talking about a woman.

Why is there a separate word je before posadila?

Croatian usually forms the past tense with:

• a present-tense form of biti = to be
• plus the l-participle

So here:

• je = is/has as the auxiliary for he/she/it
• posadila = the past participle form of posaditi

Together, je posadila means planted.

This is one of the most common Croatian past-tense patterns:

• on je posadio = he planted
• ona je posadila = she planted
• oni su posadili = they planted

Why is it posadila and not posadio?