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Learn Hardcore Croatian: Fotonaponska elektrana je spremna. - The photovoltaic system is ready.

Hardcore Croatian
/Applying for support for rooftop solar panels
/Fotonaponska elektrana je spremna.

Fotonaponska elektrana je spremna.

Word

Fotonaponska elektrana je spremna.

Meaning

The photovoltaic system is ready.

Part of speech

sentence

Pronunciation

Course

Hardcore Croatian

Lesson

Applying for support for rooftop solar panels

Breakdown of Fotonaponska elektrana je spremna.

fotonaponska elektrana

a photovoltaic power plant; a solar power system

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Questions & Answers about Fotonaponska elektrana je spremna.

What part of the sentence is the subject?

The subject is fotonaponska elektrana.

elektrana = power plant
fotonaponska = photovoltaic

Together, fotonaponska elektrana means photovoltaic power plant and functions as the thing being talked about.

What does je mean here?

Je is the 3rd person singular present form of the verb biti (to be).

So here it means is:

Fotonaponska elektrana je spremna.
The photovoltaic power plant is ready.

This is one of the most common forms of biti in Croatian.

Why is there no word for the or a?

Croatian does not use articles like English the and a/an.

So:

elektrana can mean a power plant or the power plant
the exact meaning depends on context

In this sentence, English usually translates it as The photovoltaic power plant is ready or A photovoltaic power plant is ready, depending on the situation.

Why is fotonaponska ending in -a?

Because it agrees with elektrana, which is a feminine singular noun.

In Croatian, adjectives must agree with the noun they describe in:

gender
number
case

Since elektrana is feminine singular nominative, the adjective also appears in the feminine singular nominative form:

masculine: fotonaponski
feminine: fotonaponska
neuter: fotonaponsko

So fotonaponska elektrana is a matched adjective + noun combination.

Why is spremna also ending in -a?

For the same reason: it agrees with elektrana.

Spremna is the feminine singular form of spreman (ready). Since the subject is elektrana, which is feminine singular, the adjective after je must also be feminine singular:

spreman = masculine
spremna = feminine
spremno = neuter

So:

Elektrana je spremna. = The power plant is ready.

Is spremna an adjective even though it comes after je?

Yes. It is still an adjective.

In this sentence, spremna is a predicate adjective: it describes the subject after the verb to be.

Compare:

fotonaponska elektrana = adjective directly before the noun
elektrana je spremna = adjective after is

This is similar to English:

a ready system
the system is ready

So spremna is grammatically an adjective, not an adverb.

What case are the words in here?

The subject fotonaponska elektrana is in the nominative singular.

That is the normal case for the subject of a sentence.

Also, with biti (to be), the predicate adjective agrees with the subject, so spremna is also in the feminine singular nominative form.

So the whole sentence is built around nominative agreement:

fotonaponska — feminine singular nominative
elektrana — feminine singular nominative
spremna — feminine singular nominative

Can the word order change?

Yes, Croatian word order is more flexible than English word order.

The neutral, standard order here is:

Fotonaponska elektrana je spremna.

But you may also see:

Fotonaponska elektrana spremna je.
Spremna je fotonaponska elektrana.

These alternatives can sound more literary, emphatic, or context-driven. For learners, the safest default is the original order:

Subject + je + adjective

Is fotonaponska elektrana the same as solarna elektrana?

They are close, but not always exactly the same.

fotonaponska elektrana specifically means a photovoltaic power plant, one that produces electricity from solar cells
solarna elektrana can be used more broadly for a solar power plant

In many everyday contexts, people may use them similarly, but fotonaponska is more technical and precise.

How do you pronounce fotonaponska elektrana je spremna?

A rough English-friendly guide is:

fo-to-na-PON-ska e-lek-TRA-na ye SPREM-na

A few useful points:

j in Croatian sounds like English y in yes, so je sounds like ye
r is rolled or tapped
Croatian spelling is quite phonetic, so words are usually pronounced much as they are written

Could I leave out je and just say Fotonaponska elektrana spremna?

Normally, in a full standard sentence, je should stay there.

Fotonaponska elektrana je spremna. = correct full sentence

Leaving out je can sound incomplete, headline-like, or nonstandard in ordinary speech and writing.

So for learners, use the full form with je.

How would this change if the subject were masculine or plural?

The adjective spreman would change to agree with the subject.

Examples:

Sustav je spreman. = The system is ready.
masculine singular
Elektrana je spremna. = The power plant is ready.
feminine singular
Postrojenje je spremno. = The facility is ready.
neuter singular
Sustavi su spremni. = The systems are ready.
plural

This agreement is one of the most important patterns in Croatian grammar.

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