Si neva al gener, la meva filla vol tocar la neu amb guants.

Catalan often uses the present tense for a real or possible condition with si.

So si neva means if it snows.
And vol in the main clause gives the sentence a general or habitual feeling: whenever that situation happens, that is what your daughter wants.

So this sentence sounds more like a general pattern than a one-time future prediction.

For example:

• Si plou, ens quedem a casa. = If it rains, we stay home.
• Si neva demà, la meva filla voldrà tocar la neu. = If it snows tomorrow, my daughter will want to touch the snow.

In other words, vol here is natural if the speaker is describing a usual reaction.

Because weather verbs in Catalan are usually impersonal.

So:

• neva = it snows / it is snowing
• plou = it rains
• fa fred = it is cold

Catalan does not need a dummy subject like English it. The verb can stand on its own.

Also, Catalan often leaves out subject pronouns in general, because the verb ending already gives information.

Al is the contraction of a + el.

• a
  • el = al

So:

• al gener literally = at the January
• natural English translation = in January

This contraction is very common in Catalan:

• al parc = to the park / at the park
• al matí = in the morning
• al gener = in January

In Catalan, the names of months and days of the week are normally written in lowercase.

So:

• gener
• febrer
• dilluns
• dimarts

This is different from English, where January and Monday are capitalized.

They are only capitalized in Catalan if they begin a sentence or are part of a title.

Catalan normally uses the definite article before a possessive + noun.

So the usual pattern is:

• la meva filla = my daughter
• el meu pare = my father
• la nostra casa = our house

This is one of the most noticeable differences from English.

There are some exceptions, especially in certain expressions or styles, but for everyday standard Catalan, article + possessive + noun is the normal choice.

Because after voler meaning to want, Catalan normally uses an infinitive when the subject stays the same.

So:

• vol tocar = wants to touch
• vull menjar = I want to eat
• volen sortir = they want to go out

If the subject changes, Catalan usually switches to que + subjunctive:

• Vull que la meva filla toqui la neu. = I want my daughter to touch the snow.

But in your sentence, the person who wants and the person who touches are the same person, so vol tocar is the natural structure.

Catalan uses the definite article much more often than English, including with nouns that English may use with no article.

Here la neu is the direct object of tocar, and the article sounds natural and expected.

Compare:

• tocar la neu = touch the snow
• veure la pluja = see the rain
• m'agrada la música = I like music

English often drops the article in these cases, but Catalan frequently keeps it.

Because Catalan often uses a bare plural when talking about things in a general, non-specific way.

So amb guants means something like:

• wearing gloves
• with gloves on
• using gloves, in a general sense

Compare:

• amb guants = with gloves / wearing gloves
• amb els guants = with the gloves, meaning specific gloves already known
• amb uns guants = with some gloves

So the sentence is not talking about particular gloves, just the general idea of gloves.

In this sentence, it most naturally means wearing gloves while touching the snow.

Literally, amb means with, so the phrase could sometimes suggest using something as an instrument. But with clothing or accessories, Catalan often uses amb to describe what someone has on.

So here the most natural interpretation is:

• she wants to touch the snow with gloves on

Because the sentence starts with a conditional clause introduced by si.

When that kind of clause comes first, Catalan normally separates it with a comma:

• Si neva al gener, la meva filla...

This is similar to English:

• If it snows in January, my daughter...

If the main clause comes first, the comma is often dropped:

• La meva filla vol tocar la neu amb guants si neva al gener.

Yes. The word order can be changed.

You can say:

• Si neva al gener, la meva filla vol tocar la neu amb guants.
• La meva filla vol tocar la neu amb guants si neva al gener.

Both are grammatical.

The first version puts more focus on the condition.
The second starts with the main idea and adds the condition afterward.

Yes, for many English speakers it is.

The ll in filla is traditionally a palatal sound, roughly like ly in million, though pronunciation can vary by dialect.

A rough guide is:

• filla ≈ FEE-lya

Also:

• meva ≈ MEH-va
• neu ≈ something like nehw
• guants ≈ gwants

The exact sounds depend somewhat on the variety of Catalan, but filla is definitely one of the words learners often need to practice.