بعد الغداء تغسل امي القدر وتضعه قرب الفرن.

بعد الغداء means after lunch and sets the time for the action.

Arabic often starts a sentence with a time expression like this:

• بعد الغداء = after lunch
• في الصباح = in the morning
• اليوم = today

So the structure here is basically:

After lunch, my mother washes the pot and puts it near the oven.

Grammatically, بعد is part of an adverbial time phrase, and الغداء comes after it in the genitive.

Because the subject is my mother, which is feminine singular.

In the present tense, Arabic marks gender:

• يغسل = he washes
• تغسل = she washes

So:

• تغسل أمي = my mother washes

The same thing happens in the second verb:

• تضعه = she puts it

Both verbs are feminine singular because they refer to أمي.

Arabic usually does not need a separate subject pronoun when the verb already shows the subject.

In English, you say:

• She washes
• She puts

In Arabic, the verb itself already tells you she:

• تغسل = she washes
• تضع = she puts

So adding هي would usually be unnecessary unless you want emphasis.

أمي means my mother.

It comes from:

• أم = mother
• ـي = my

So:

• أم = mother
• أمي = my mother

You may see it written as امي without the hamza in less careful writing, but the standard spelling is أمي.

Also notice that Arabic does not need a separate word for my here. The ـي ending already means my.

Because أمي already means my mother, and possessive forms in Arabic do not normally take الـ.

Compare:

• الأم = the mother
• أمي = my mother

Once a noun has a possessive ending like ـي (my), it is already definite, so الـ is not used.

Here القدر means the pot or the cooking pot.

This word can be confusing because قدر can also mean fate/destiny in other contexts, but here the context makes it clear that it means a pot used in cooking.

Because it has الـ, it means the pot, not a pot.

القدر means the pot, referring to a specific pot, while قدر would mean a pot or just pot in a less definite sense.

In this sentence, the speaker is talking about a particular pot that the mother washes and then moves, so the definite form makes sense:

• القدر = the pot

Arabic often uses the definite article when the object is known or understood from the situation.

وتضعه has three parts:

• و = and
• تضع = she puts
• ـه = it / him

So:

• وتضعه = and she puts it

The ـه refers back to القدر.

Arabic often attaches object pronouns directly to the verb.

Instead of saying something like and she puts the pot again, Arabic can say:

• وتضعه = and she puts it

This avoids repeating القدر.

Since القدر is grammatically masculine singular, the pronoun is ـه:

• ـه = it / him for masculine singular nouns

If the noun were feminine, the pronoun would be different.

Because قدر is a grammatically masculine noun in Arabic.

In Arabic, every noun has grammatical gender, and pronouns must agree with that gender.

So:

• القدر = masculine
• therefore ـه = it referring to a masculine noun

This is grammatical gender, not biological sex.

قرب الفرن means near the oven.

• قرب = near / close to
• الفرن = the oven

Grammatically, قرب functions like a word of location, and the noun after it is in the genitive:

• قربَ الفرنِ in full vowelled form

You can think of it as similar to:

• أمام البيت = in front of the house
• خلف الباب = behind the door
• قرب الفرن = near the oven

Because the sentence is referring to a specific oven, so Arabic uses the definite article:

• الفرن = the oven

If you said قرب فرن, that would sound more like near an oven or near some oven, which is less natural in this context.

The sentence is:

بعد الغداء تغسل أمي القدر وتضعه قرب الفرن.

A useful breakdown is:

1. بعد الغداء = time phrase
2. تغسل = verb
3. أمي = subject
4. القدر = object
5. وتضعه = and puts it
6. قرب الفرن = place phrase

So after the time phrase, the core structure is mainly verb + subject + object.

This is very common in Arabic. English learners are often expecting subject + verb, but Arabic often prefers verb-first structure.

Yes.

The present tense in Arabic can often express:

• a present action
• a habitual action
• a general routine

So تغسل أمي القدر وتضعه قرب الفرن can mean:

• My mother washes the pot and puts it near the oven or
• My mother usually washes the pot and puts it near the oven

The context tells you whether this is a one-time event or part of a routine.

In normal Arabic writing, short case endings are usually not written.

So the fully vowelled version would look something like:

بعدَ الغداءِ تغسلُ أمي القدرَ وتضعُه قربَ الفرنِ.

But in everyday unvowelled writing, you usually see:

بعد الغداء تغسل أمي القدر وتضعه قرب الفرن

So the grammar is still there, even if the short vowels are omitted in writing.

الغداء is pronounced roughly al-ghadā’ and means lunch.

Its last letter is a hamza:

• غداء

So:

• بعد الغداء = after lunch

A learner may also notice the sound غ, which does not exist in English. It is a voiced, throaty sound, often compared loosely to the French r in some accents, though it is not exactly the same.

Yes. و simply means and, and it is attached directly to the next word in Arabic writing.

So:

• و + تضعه becomes
• وتضعه

This is completely normal in Arabic. Several short particles are written attached to the following word, including:

• و = and
• بـ = with/by
• لـ = for/to
• كـ = like/as

So learners should get used to seeing these attached forms.