الولد الصغير بكى لانه ما لقى امه، وبعد شوي بطل يبكي.

A common Levantine-style pronunciation would be:

il-walad is-sghīr baka la'anno ma la'a immo, w ba'd shway baTTal yibki.

A few pronunciation details vary by region, but this gives you a natural general idea.

Because the Arabic definite article changes its pronunciation depending on the next sound.

• In الولد, the ل of الـ is pronounced normally: il-walad.
• In الصغير, the ل blends into the next consonant, so you do not really hear the l.

This is the same sun-letter pattern you may already know from Arabic more generally.

In Arabic, adjectives normally come after the noun they describe.

So:

• الولد = the boy
• الصغير = the small / little

Together, الولد الصغير literally looks like the boy the-little, but in natural English it means the little boy.

Because Arabic adjectives agree with the noun they describe in definiteness.

So if the noun is definite:

• الولد = the boy

then the adjective must also be definite:

• الصغير = the little / the small

That is why you get الولد الصغير, not الولد صغير.

Here لأنه means because.

In Levantine, it is often pronounced something like:

• la'anno
• sometimes la'innu or similar, depending on region

So بكى لأنه... means he cried because...

In Levantine, a very common way to negate a past-tense verb is:

ما + past verb

So:

• لقى = he found
• ما لقى = he didn't find

This is one of the most useful negation patterns in spoken Levantine.

Literally, ما لقى أمه is he didn't find his mother.

But in English, when the situation is about searching unsuccessfully, we often say couldn't find because that sounds more natural in context.

So:

• literal meaning: he didn't find his mother
• natural English meaning in this situation: he couldn't find his mother

If you wanted to make the idea of inability more explicit in Levantine, you could use something like ما قدر يلاقي.

امه means his mother.

It is made of:

• أم / ام = mother
• -ه = his

In Levantine speech, this whole word is often pronounced immo or emmo.

A few important points:

• Everyday Arabic writing often drops the hamza, so أمه may be written as امه.
• The suffix -ه is often pronounced more like -o in Levantine when attached like this.

So although it is written امه, you will often hear immo.

بعد شوي literally means after a little, but idiomatically it means:

• after a little while
• a bit later
• shortly after

The و at the beginning simply means and, so وبعد شوي is like and a little later or and after a little while.

Yes — بطل can mean hero as a noun.

But here it is a verb, and in Levantine it commonly means:

• to stop
• to quit
• to no longer do something

So:

• بطل يبكي = he stopped crying

The meaning comes from context.

Because after بطل, Levantine usually uses the imperfect verb to show the action that stopped.

So:

• بطل يبكي = he stopped crying
• بطل يدخن = he stopped smoking
• بطل يحكي = he stopped talking

This is a very common spoken pattern.

Because Arabic verbs already include the subject.

So:

• بكى already means he cried
• لقى already means he found
• بطل already means he stopped

You only add هو if you want extra emphasis or contrast.

It is much closer to colloquial Levantine.

Some strong clues are:

• ما لقى for past negation
• بعد شوي
• بطل يبكي

A more formal MSA version would look more like:

بكى لأنه لم يجد أمه، وبعد قليل توقف عن البكاء.

So the sentence you were given is the kind of Arabic you are much more likely to hear in everyday Levantine speech.