Der Ausbruch ist eine unaufhaltsame Naturgewalt, selbst wenn wir vorbereitet sind.

Questions & Answers about Der Ausbruch ist eine unaufhaltsame Naturgewalt, selbst wenn wir vorbereitet sind.

Why does the verb sind appear at the very end of the sentence?
Because selbst wenn (even if) is a subordinating conjunction. It introduces a dependent clause, which requires the conjugated verb (sind) to be placed at the very end.
Could I use obwohl here instead of selbst wenn?
Grammatically yes, but it changes the meaning. Both are subordinating conjunctions that send the verb to the end. However, obwohl (although) implies a confirmed fact ('although we are definitely prepared'), while selbst wenn introduces an extreme condition or hypothetical situation ('even if we happen to be prepared, it won't matter').
If I start the sentence with the selbst wenn clause, how does the word order change?
The entire selbst wenn clause takes up position 1 of the overall sentence. To keep the main clause's verb in position 2, ist must immediately follow the comma: Selbst wenn wir vorbereitet sind, ist der Ausbruch eine unaufhaltsame Naturgewalt.
How is the adjective unaufhaltsame formed?
It comes from the separable verb aufhalten (to stop or delay). Adding the suffix -sam makes it the adjective aufhaltsam (stoppable), and the prefix un- negates it to mean 'unstoppable'. The -e at the end is the nominative feminine ending to match eine Naturgewalt.

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