Learn French: Il fait très froid en France.

In French, we use the verb faire (to do or to make) to talk about the weather, not être (to be). So instead of saying "it is cold," the French literally say "it makes cold" (il fait froid).

What form of the verb faire is fait here?

Fait is the il (he/it), elle (she), or on (we/one) form of faire in the present tense. When talking about the weather, you will always use the fixed expression il fait (it is).

Why do we use en for "in" before France instead of another word like dans?

Countries that end in the letter e, like France, are almost always feminine. In French, you must use the preposition en to mean "in" or "to" a feminine country.

Is the "t" at the end of fait pronounced?

No, the "t" is silent here. The letter "t" at the end of French words is generally not pronounced unless it links to a vowel in the next word. Since très starts with a consonant, the "t" in fait remains silent.