Breakdown of Asiakas oli niin hämmentynyt ja raivostunut, että hän huusi myyjälle.
olla
to be
hän
he / she
ja
and
asiakas
the customer
niin
so
että
that (conjunction)
myyjä
the salesperson
huutaa
to shout
raivostunut
furious
hämmentynyt
confused
Questions & Answers about Asiakas oli niin hämmentynyt ja raivostunut, että hän huusi myyjälle.
How does the niin ... että structure work in this sentence?
It connects the cause to the consequence, exactly like "so ... that" in English. The word niin (so) comes right before the adjectives hämmentynyt ja raivostunut, and että (that) starts the new clause to explain the result. Always remember to put a comma before että in Finnish.
Why do the words hämmentynyt and raivostunut end in -nut?
These are past participles acting as adjectives. They come from the verbs hämmentyä (to get confused) and raivostua (to become furious). The -nut ending shows that the action has already happened, meaning the customer has entered this state and is now currently confused and furious.
Why is the salesperson (myyjä) in the -lle form (myyjälle)?
This is because of the verb huutaa (to shout). When you shout at someone in Finnish, the target of your shouting is put in the allative case, which adds the -lle ending. It translates roughly to shouting "onto" the salesperson.
Can I drop the pronoun hän in the second clause and just say että huusi myyjälle?
No, you need to keep hän. In Finnish, you can often drop the first or second person pronouns (minä, sinä, me, te) because the verb ending makes the subject clear. However, you must always include third-person pronouns like hän (he/she) or he (they).
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