Breakdown of با توجه به بخشنامه، پسماند را دفن نمیکنند.
کردنkardan
to do / to make
راrâ
definite direct object marker
پسماندpasmând
waste / refuse
بخشنامهbakhshnâme
directive / circular
دفنdafn
burial / landfilling
با توجه بهbâ tavajjoh be
considering, in view of, given
Questions & Answers about با توجه به بخشنامه، پسماند را دفن نمیکنند.
How does bâ tavajjo be compare to the prepositions bar asâs-e and tebq-e taught in this lesson?
While tebq-e and bar asâs-e mean 'according to' or 'based on', bâ tavajjo be literally means 'with attention to'. It translates best as 'given', 'considering', or 'in light of'. It introduces a condition or reason rather than strict adherence to a rule.
The English translation says 'landfill', but doesn't dafn kardan just mean 'to bury'?
Exactly. dafn kardan literally means 'to bury' and is often used for funerals. However, in environmental and bureaucratic contexts alongside pasmând (waste), it is the standard compound verb for 'landfilling' or underground waste disposal.
Why is the verb nemikonand in the third-person plural ('they') when no subject is mentioned?
Farsi frequently uses the third-person plural to make general, impersonal statements, similar to the passive voice or a generic 'they' in English. Here, it refers generally to the workers or authorities handling the waste.
Why is the specific object marker râ attached to pasmând (waste)?
Because it refers to 'the waste' in a definite, specific sense—specifically, the waste that the directive is regulating. If it were a general statement about not burying any waste ever, the râ could be dropped.
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