Question 1

How exactly does zed-e khash translate to scratch-resistant, and what part of speech is it here?

Accepted Answer

zed means anti, counter, or against, and is linked to the noun khash (scratch) using the ezafe (-e). While it is made of a preposition or noun modifying another noun, the whole phrase zed-e khash functions as an adjective here, describing the screen as anti-scratch or scratch-resistant. You can use this exact pattern for many things, such as zed-e âb (waterproof).

Question 2

What is the grammatical function of the -gar suffix in namâyeshgar?

Accepted Answer

The suffix -gar attaches to nouns or verb stems to indicate the doer of an action, similar to the -er or -or endings in English. Here it attaches to namâyesh (display or show) to create namâyeshgar, meaning the device that does the displaying: a monitor or screen.

Question 3

Why doesn't the adverb kâmelan (completely) need an ezafe to connect to the next word?

Accepted Answer

The ezafe is used to link nouns to their adjectives or to other nouns showing possession. Because kâmelan is an adverb modifying the adjectival phrase zed-e khash, it simply sits next to it without needing an ezafe. The only ezafe markers you need here are between the noun and adjective in namâyeshgar-e jadid and inside the compound zed-e khash.

Question 4

I remember the -an ending on kâmelan is Arabic. How do we know when to use it versus a native Farsi adverb structure?

Accepted Answer

The -an suffix (called tanvin) is only ever added to adjectives of Arabic origin, like kâmel (complete) becoming kâmelan. For native Farsi adjectives, you would typically use a phrase like be tor-e (in a ... way) plus the adjective to form the adverb, though Arabic borrowings like kâmelan are deeply integrated and completely standard in everyday Farsi speech.

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