Question 1

How does the prefix farâ- function in the word farâmanteqe-i?

Accepted Answer

The prefix farâ- means "beyond," "trans-," or "supra-". Here, it attaches to the noun manteqe (region). By adding the adjective-forming suffix -i to the end of this new compound, we get farâmanteqe-i, meaning "trans-regional" or "supra-regional."

Question 2

How does the ezafe chain work in the phrase kârbord-e farâmanteqe-i-ye in qâ'ede?

Accepted Answer

The noun kârbord (usage) takes an ezafe (-e) to connect to its describing adjective farâmanteqe-i (trans-regional). Then, because "this rule" is the "possessor" of the usage, a second ezafe is needed. Since farâmanteqe-i ends in a vowel sound, this second ezafe is pronounced as a -ye, linking it smoothly to in qâ'ede (this rule).

Question 3

What grammatical structure is used in the verb ta'yid shode bud?

Accepted Answer

This is the past perfect passive, translating to "had been confirmed." It is formed using the noun ta'yid (approval/confirmation), the past participle of the passive helper verb shodan (which is shode), and the simple past of budan (which is bud). It shows an action that was completely finished before another point in the past.

Question 4

Do the other prefixes from this lesson (zir- and pish-) follow this exact same word-building pattern?

Accepted Answer

Yes! You can attach them to a noun and add the -i suffix to create similar formal adjectives. For example, using pish- (pre-), you can combine it with dâneshgâh (university) and the -i suffix to make pish-dâneshgâhi (pre-university).

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