Breakdown of وی نمیدانست که سیستم دیجیتال چگونه از جعل جلوگیری میکند.
ازaz
from
کهke
that (conjunction)
دانستنdânestan
to know (facts)
سیستمsistem
system
Questions & Answers about وی نمیدانست که سیستم دیجیتال چگونه از جعل جلوگیری میکند.
How does چگونه function in this sentence since it is not a direct question?
Here, چگونه acts as a relative adverb connecting the clauses to mean 'the way in which' or 'how'. Even though this is a statement rather than a question, چگونه still follows the subject and sits near the verb phrase it modifies (از جعل جلوگیری میکند).
Why does this sentence use وی instead of the usual او for 'he'?
وی is a formal, written equivalent of او (he/she). You will frequently encounter it in news, literature, and formal contexts, which matches the technical and formal tone of the rest of this sentence.
Why do we use که to link the clauses instead of just translating 'know how' directly?
In Farsi, که is used broadly as a bridge to introduce subordinate clauses. While English just connects with 'how', Farsi commonly inserts که to introduce the dependent idea, making the literal structure 'He didn't know that how the digital system...'
Why is the first verb in the past tense (نمیدانست) but the second in the present tense (جلوگیری میکند)?
Farsi often keeps the tense of the original fact in indirect speech. The state of his not knowing was in the past (نمیدانست), but the system preventing forgery is an ongoing, general truth. Thus, the second verb stays in the present indicative.