Breakdown of هر کس هم که اسکی کند، باید از بیاحتیاطی جلوگیری کند.
ازaz
from
بایدbâyad
must
هر کس هم کهhar kas ham ke
no matter who
اسکی کردنeski kardan
to ski
بیاحتیاطیbi-ehtiyâti
carelessness / recklessness
جلوگیری کردنjelogiri kardan
to prevent
Questions & Answers about هر کس هم که اسکی کند، باید از بیاحتیاطی جلوگیری کند.
The current lesson is about har che qadr ham ke (no matter how much), but this sentence uses har kas ham ke. Can we use this structure with other words?
Yes! The pattern har ... ham ke + Present Subjunctive is very flexible. By swapping the middle word, you can create various "no matter [X]" phrases. Here, inserting kas (person/someone) makes it "no matter who." You could also use kojā for har kojā ham ke (no matter where) or che for har che ham ke (no matter what).
Why do both verbs in this sentence, eski konad and jelogiri konad, use the present subjunctive?
They are triggered by two completely different grammar rules. eski konad is in the subjunctive because it follows the indefinite concessive phrase har kas ham ke (no matter who). The second verb, jelogiri konad, is in the subjunctive simply because it follows the modal verb bāyad (must).
Why do we need the preposition az (from) before bi-ehtiyāti (carelessness)?
In Farsi, the compound verb jelogiri kardan (to prevent) requires the preposition az to indicate what is being stopped. While in English we just "prevent an action," in Farsi you literally "do prevention from an action."
How is the word bi-ehtiyāti (carelessness) built from its root?
The core word is ehtiyāt (caution). Adding the negative prefix bi- (without) gives you the adjective bi-ehtiyāt (careless). Finally, adding the noun-forming suffix -i at the end turns it into the abstract noun bi-ehtiyāti (carelessness).
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