Breakdown of قوانین جدید نشان میدهد که جریمههای نقدی خیلی سنگین است.
است
is
خیلی
very / many (of)
جدیدjadid
new
سنگینsangin
heavy
کهke
that (conjunction)
قانونqânun
law
جریمهjarime
fine
نشان دادنneshân dâdan
to show
نقدیnaghdi
monetary / cash
Questions & Answers about قوانین جدید نشان میدهد که جریمههای نقدی خیلی سنگین است.
Why is the verb ast in the indicative mood here, rather than the subjunctive we are learning in this lesson?
This lesson focuses on verbs of stipulation (like moqarrar shodan), which require the subjunctive because they express a mandated or desired action. Here, neshân midahad (shows) simply states an existing fact or observation, so it is followed by the indicative verb ast.
Both "laws" (qavânin) and "fines" (jarime-hâ) are plural subjects, but their verbs (midahad and ast) are singular. Why?
In Farsi, plural inanimate subjects (things or concepts, rather than people) typically take a singular verb. Since both laws and fines are inanimate, their corresponding verbs default to the third-person singular.
What is the singular form of qavânin (laws)?
The singular form is qânun (law). Qavânin is an Arabic "broken plural," a form Farsi frequently uses for Arabic loanwords instead of adding a regular Farsi plural suffix like -hâ.
What exactly does naqdi mean in the phrase jarime-hâ-ye naqdi?
Naqdi comes from the noun naqd (cash). Adding the -i suffix turns it into an adjective meaning "monetary" or "in cash." So the phrase specifically means "financial penalties," distinguishing them from other types of legal punishments.
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