Breakdown of آن گارسون بدون اینکه اشتهای زیادی داشته باشد، پیشغذای گرمی خورد.
آن
that
گرمgarm
warm, hot
داشتنdâshtan
to have
خوردنkhordan
to eat / to drink
Questions & Answers about آن گارسون بدون اینکه اشتهای زیادی داشته باشد، پیشغذای گرمی خورد.
Why does the indefinite -i attach to the adjective instead of the noun in phrases like eshtehâ-ye ziyâd-i?
When a noun is described by an adjective, the indefinite enclitic -i (meaning 'a' or 'an') attaches to the very end of the phrase. You link the noun and adjective with the Ezafe, then add the -i to the adjective. This is why we say eshtehâ-ye ziyâd-i (a big appetite) and pish-ghazâ-ye garm-i (a warm appetizer).
Why is the verb dâshte bâshad used here instead of a regular present tense verb?
The conjunction bedun-e in-ke (without) always triggers the subjunctive mood because it describes an action that is hypothetical or did not actually happen. For the verb to have, the subjunctive form used here is dâshte bâshad.
Why do both eshtehâ and pish-ghazâ use -ye instead of the standard -e for the Ezafe?
Both of these nouns end in the long vowel 'â'. When a word ends in a vowel, the Ezafe becomes -ye to make the transition easier to pronounce. In the Farsi script, this is written by adding the letter 'ye' before the adjective.
Could I just say bedun-e instead of bedun-e in-ke?
No, because bedun-e can only be followed by a simple noun or pronoun, like 'without money'. Since this sentence follows 'without' with a full action that includes a verb (dâshte bâshad), you must use bedun-e in-ke (literally 'without this that') to introduce the new verb clause.