Breakdown of به لیست نگاه کن و کسی را جز همراه من راه نده!
من
I
و
and
بهbe
to
راrâ
definite direct object marker
نگاه کردنnegâh kardan
to look, to watch
کسیkasi
someone, anyone
لیستlist
list
جزjoz
except / only
راه دادنrâh dâdan
to let in
همراهhamrâh
companion
Questions & Answers about به لیست نگاه کن و کسی را جز همراه من راه نده!
How does the combination of جز and راه نده create the meaning of 'only' here?
The current lesson focuses on this! In Farsi, combining جز (except/but) with a negative verb like راه نده (don't let in) creates an exclusive restriction. Literally it says 'don't let anyone in except my companion,' which is the most natural way to say 'only let my companion in.'
Why is the specific object marker را used after کسی if 'anyone' is usually unspecific?
While کسی (someone/anyone) is generally unspecific, when it is used with a negative verb to mean 'nobody' or 'not anyone,' Farsi often treats it as a definite, complete category. Because it receives the action of the verb (being let in), it takes را.
I know دادن means 'to give', but how does راه نده mean 'let nobody in'?
The verb here is the compound راه دادن, which literally means 'to give path' or 'to give way.' In Farsi, this is the standard idiom for 'to let someone in' or 'to admit.' Because this is an order not to do it, we use the negative imperative form نده.
Why does the sentence use به before لیست instead of a word for 'at'?
In Farsi, the compound verb نگاه کردن (to look) always pairs with the preposition به (to). You don't look 'at' something; you look 'to' it.
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