Breakdown of مراکز تجاری باید قوانین جدید را رعایت کنند.
جدیدjadid
new
راrâ
definite direct object marker
بایدbâyad
must
رعایت کردنre'âyat kardan
to follow
تجاریtejâri
commercial
مراکزmarâkez
centers
قوانینqavânin
laws
Questions & Answers about مراکز تجاری باید قوانین جدید را رعایت کنند.
This sentence has two irregular "broken" plurals. What are their singular forms?
The words are marâkez (centers) and qavânin (laws). They are the Arabic broken plurals for markaz (center) and qânun (law). While you could theoretically use standard Farsi endings like markaz-hâ or qânun-hâ, these Arabic patterns are extremely common in everyday Farsi and effectively act as the standard plurals.
"Commercial centers" are inanimate objects. Shouldn't the verb be in the singular form (konad) instead of the plural (konand)?
Usually, inanimate plural subjects do take a singular verb in Farsi. However, when an inanimate subject actually represents a group of people making decisions (like an organization, a company, or a commercial center), Farsi often treats it as a human subject and uses a plural verb. This reflects that the actual people running the centers must obey the laws.
Why is the object marker râ placed after jadid (new) instead of directly after qavânin (laws)?
In Farsi, the direct object marker râ must attach to the very end of the entire noun phrase. The direct object here isn't just the laws, it's the whole phrase "the new laws" (qavânin-e jadid). Therefore, râ waits until the adjective is finished before appearing.
The word bâyad (must) requires the following verb to be in the subjunctive form. Why isn't there a be- prefix on re'âyat konand?
The main verb here is the compound verb re'âyat kardan (to observe or obey). When forming the subjunctive for compound verbs made with kardan, the be- prefix is frequently dropped in both written and spoken Farsi. Saying bâyad re'âyat konand is perfectly standard, though you might occasionally hear re'âyat bekonand in very casual speech.
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