Breakdown of دزد بیشرم و بیوجدان باید کیف را دزدیده باشد.
و
and
بودنbudan
to be
کیفkif
bag
راrâ
definite direct object marker
بایدbâyad
must
دزدیدنdozdidan
to steal
دزدdozd
thief
وجدانvejdân
conscience
شرمsharm
shame
Questions & Answers about دزد بیشرم و بیوجدان باید کیف را دزدیده باشد.
How are the adjectives bi-sharm and bi-vojdân formed here?
They use the prefix bi-, which means 'without'. By attaching it to the nouns sharm (shame) and vojdân (conscience), they become the adjectives 'shameless' and 'unconscionable' (or ruthless). The opposite prefix is bâ- (with), so a conscientious person would be bâ-vojdân.
How does the ezafe work to link dozd with these two adjectives?
The hidden ezafe connects the noun to the adjectives, so it is pronounced dozd-e bi-sharm. Because the two adjectives are then joined by the word o (and), you do not need a second ezafe between them: dozd-e bi-sharm o bi-vojdân.
Why is the verb dozdideh bâshad used instead of a simple past tense like dozdid?
This structure is the perfect subjunctive. When you use bâyad to make a logical guess about something that already happened ('must have stolen'), Farsi requires combining the past participle dozdideh (stolen) with the subjunctive form of 'to be', which is bâshad.
Does the prefix bi- change the stress of the word in speaking?
No, the stress falls on the root noun, not on the prefix. In bi-sharm, the stress is firmly on sharm. This is different from verb prefixes like mi- or na-, which usually take the stress away from the root.
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