Breakdown of بعد از اینکه آنها فارغالتحصیل شدند، کاملاً مستقل شدند.
آنها
they
ازaz
from
شدنshodan
to become
اینکهin-ke
that (conjunction)
کاملاًkâmelan
completely
بعدba'd
then, afterwards
فارغالتحصیلfâregh-ottahsil
graduated
مستقلmostaghel
independent
بعد از اینکهba'd az inke
after (+ past)
Questions & Answers about بعد از اینکه آنها فارغالتحصیل شدند، کاملاً مستقل شدند.
Why do we use the simple past verb شدند after بعد از اینکه here, rather than a subjunctive verb?
Because this clause describes a factual event that actually happened. In Farsi, 'after' clauses introduced by بعد از اینکه take the indicative mood (like the simple past or past perfect) when talking about past events. This is different from 'before' clauses (قبل از اینکه), which require the subjunctive because the second event hasn't happened yet at that point in the timeline!
What is the small double-dash symbol at the end of کاملاً?
That symbol is called a tanvin, and it is pronounced '-an'. It is an Arabic grammar feature widely used in Farsi to turn an adjective into an adverb (very similar to adding '-ly' in English). Since کامل means 'complete', adding the tanvin gives us کاملاً (kamelan), meaning 'completely'.
The word for graduated, فارغالتحصیل, seems like a complex compound. How does it break down?
It is an Arabic phrase used as a single word in Farsi. فارغ means 'free from' or 'finished', and تحصیل means 'studying' or 'education'. The ال in the middle is the Arabic word for 'the' (pronounced 'ol' in this context). So, it literally translates to 'finished with the education'. To say 'to graduate', you pair it with the helper verb شدن (to become).
We use the exact same verb شدند at the end of both clauses. Does this sound repetitive in Farsi?
Not at all! Farsi relies heavily on compound verbs using شدن (to become). In this sentence, the first شدند pairs with فارغالتحصیل (literally 'they became graduated') and the second pairs with مستقل ('they became independent'). Repeating the same helper verb in this way is very natural and common.
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