Breakdown of زمانی که دزد حمله کرد، هیچکس به بچهی لرزان کمک نکرد.
بهbe
to
کمک کردنkomak kardan
to help
بچهbacheh
child
هیچکسhichkas
nobody
دزدdozd
thief
زمانی کهzamâni ke
when (conjunction)
حمله کردنhamle kardan
to attack
لرزیدنlarzidan
to tremble / to shiver
حملهhamle
attack (noun)
زمانیzamâni
at one time, sometime (zamâni ke = when)
Questions & Answers about زمانی که دزد حمله کرد، هیچکس به بچهی لرزان کمک نکرد.
How is the word larzân (trembling) formed in this sentence?
It is a present participle used as an adjective. It comes from the verb larzidan (to tremble). To make it, you take the present stem larz and add the suffix -ân. Here, it modifies the noun bache to mean the trembling child.
Why do we need the preposition be right before bache-ye larzân?
In Farsi, the compound verb komak kardan (to help) requires the preposition be (to). While in English you help someone, in Farsi you give help to someone. Therefore, be must come before the person receiving the help.
Since hich-kas means nobody, why is the verb komak nakard negative?
Farsi requires double negatives. Whenever you use a negative word like hich-kas (nobody) or hich-chiz (nothing), the main verb must also be made negative. So literally, the sentence says nobody didn't help.
Why does bache have an extra -ye sound added to it here?
That is the Ezafe connecting the noun bache (child) to its adjective larzân (trembling). Because bache ends in a spoken vowel (written with a silent heh), the Ezafe takes the form of -ye instead of just -e to make it easier to pronounce.
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