Breakdown of در اورژانس، دکتر مجبور میشود که جراحی را شروع کند.
دکتر
doctor
درdar
in
شروع کردنshoru' kardan
to start
راrâ
definite direct object marker
کهke
that (conjunction)
مجبور شدنmajbur shodan
to become forced/obliged
اورژانسurzhâns
emergency room
جراحیjarrâhi
surgery
مجبورmajbur
forced, obliged
Questions & Answers about در اورژانس، دکتر مجبور میشود که جراحی را شروع کند.
Why do we use mishavad and then konad in this sentence?
This sentence uses the structure for being forced to do something: majbur shodan (to be forced) + ke + Present Subjunctive. mishavad is the present tense meaning 'is forced', and konad is the present subjunctive of kardan (used in the compound verb shoru' kardan). The subjunctive is required after ke because the action of starting the surgery is a required outcome, not an independent fact.
Why does this sentence use majbur mishavad (from shodan) instead of majbur ast (from budan)?
majbur budan means 'to be forced' as a continuous state. majbur shodan literally means 'to become forced.' In an emergency room setting, a sudden situation arises that forces the doctor into action, so mishavad perfectly captures this shift in circumstances.
Why doesn't the subjunctive verb shoru' konad have the usual be- prefix?
shoru' kardan (to start) is a compound verb. When forming the present subjunctive for most compound verbs made with kardan, standard Farsi just uses the present stem kon plus the personal ending (-ad for 'he/she'). Adding be- to make it shoru' bekonad is sometimes heard in spoken Farsi, but leaving it off is standard.
Why is rā added after jarrāhi?
rā is the definite direct object marker. Because the sentence refers to a specific, known procedure ('the surgery'), we must attach rā to jarrāhi. If the doctor were just starting 'surgery' in a general sense, we would leave rā out.
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