Breakdown of آرایشگر ریش من را کوتاه میکند، در حالی که موی من را نمیشوید.
من
I
کردنkardan
to do / to make
راrâ
definite direct object marker
شستنshostan
to wash
موmu
hair
آرایشگرârâyeshgar
barber / hairdresser
ریشrish
beard
کوتاهkutâh
short
در حالی کهdar hâli ke
while / whereas
Questions & Answers about آرایشگر ریش من را کوتاه میکند، در حالی که موی من را نمیشوید.
Why do the verbs میکند and نمیشوید use the normal present tense instead of the subjunctive?
The phrase در حالی که (meaning whereas or while) states a contrast about what is actually happening. Because it describes a factual reality rather than a wish, doubt, or condition, it takes the indicative tense (the normal present) instead of the subjunctive.
Does در حالی که always mean whereas, or can it mean while in a time sense?
It literally translates to in the condition that and can be used for both! Just like in English, it can show a contrast (whereas) as it does in this sentence, or it can describe two actions happening at the exact same time (while).
How does کوتاه میکند mean is cutting?
This is a compound verb made of کوتاه (short) and میکند (does or makes). Literally, it translates to makes short. Farsi often uses descriptive combinations like this rather than a single specific verb for trimming or cutting hair.
The verb نمیشوید looks very different from its infinitive. What is the dictionary form?
The infinitive is شستن (to wash). Like many Farsi verbs, its present stem changes significantly to شوی. To say he does not wash in the present tense, we combine the negative present prefix نمی, the stem شوی, and the ending د for he/she.
Why is را used twice in this sentence?
The word را marks a specific direct object. Because the barber is acting on a specific beard (ریش من) and specific hair (موی من), both phrases need را to show they are the exact targets of their respective verbs.
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