Question 1

The translation says impolite and impatient. How are the Farsi words bi-adab and bi-howsele built?

Accepted Answer

Both use the prefix bi-, which means without. The noun adab means manners or politeness, so bi-adab literally means without manners (impolite). The noun howsele means patience or mood, making bi-howsele mean without patience (impatient).

Question 2

Can I use the prefix bâ- to make the exact opposites of these two adjectives?

Accepted Answer

Yes, you absolutely can! The prefix bâ- means with. So bâ-adab means polite (with manners) and bâ-howsele means patient (with patience). This bi- and bâ- pairing is a very common way to create antonyms in Farsi.

Question 3

Does bi-howsele only mean impatient?

Accepted Answer

No, it is a very flexible word! Depending on the context, bi-howsele often means bored, lethargic, or simply not in the mood. In this sentence, the impolite guest might be acting impatient or just showing that they are bored.

Question 4

How do we connect the word for guest (mehmân) to the adjective impolite (bi-adab)?

Accepted Answer

You need to use the ezafe vowel, which is a short e sound that connects a noun to its describing adjective. Even though it is not written as a separate letter in the Farsi script here, you must pronounce the phrase as mehmân-e bi-adab.

Question 5

How does the phrase ma'lum ast ke work at the beginning of the sentence?

Accepted Answer

ma'lum is an adjective meaning obvious or known, and ast means is. Together, ma'lum ast means it is obvious. The word ke translates to that and acts as a bridge to introduce the rest of your thought, creating the set phrase it is clear that...

معلوم است که مهمان بی‌ادب همیشه بی‌حوصله است.

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