Breakdown of آنها همهی مبلهای چرم را به جز مبل سیاه فروختند.
آنها
they
سیاهsiyâh
black
مبلmobl
sofa
راrâ
definite direct object marker
فروختنforukhtan
to sell
همهhame
all, everyone
چرمcharm
leather
به جزbe joz
except
Questions & Answers about آنها همهی مبلهای چرم را به جز مبل سیاه فروختند.
How does be joz (except) connect to the noun in this sentence?
The preposition be joz sits directly in front of the noun it applies to, which is mobl (sofa) in this case. You do not need to add an ezafe (a connecting "e" or "ye" sound) to the end of joz to link it to the noun.
Why is the object marker râ placed after charm (leather) and not at the very end of the sentence?
The word râ must immediately follow the specific direct object of the verb. In this sentence, the entire object being sold is hame-ye mobl-hâ-ye charm (all the leather sofas). The exception phrase be joz mobl-e siyâh (except the black sofa) is extra information that comes after the main object is complete.
Can you explain the connecting sounds in the phrase hame-ye mobl-hâ-ye charm?
This is an ezafe chain linking three concepts together. Because hame (all) ends in a vowel sound, it takes -ye to link to mobl-hâ (sofas). Since the plural word mobl-hâ also ends in a vowel, it takes another -ye to link to its material, charm (leather).
How is the past tense verb forukhtand formed?
It comes from the infinitive forukhtan (to sell). To make the simple past tense, we drop the final -an to get the past stem forukht, and then add the personal ending for "they", which is -and.
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