Breakdown of با اینکه نویسنده کتاب را ویرایش کرد، هیچکس یک نسخه هم نخرید.
کتابketâb
book
نویسندهnevisandeh
writer
یکyek
one / a, an
خریدنkharidan
to buy
راrâ
definite direct object marker
هیچکسhichkas
nobody
همham
also, too / both ... and / together / each other
با اینکهbâ inke
even though
ویرایش کردنvirâyesh kardan
to edit
نسخهnoskhe
copy
Questions & Answers about با اینکه نویسنده کتاب را ویرایش کرد، هیچکس یک نسخه هم نخرید.
How does bâ inke (even though) affect the verb tense in the first part of the sentence?
Because bâ inke states a fact rather than a possibility or wish, it takes normal indicative tenses. Here, the writer actually did edit the book, so we use the simple past tense virâyesh kard instead of the subjunctive.
Why is the verb nakharid (didn't buy) negative if the sentence already says hich-kas (nobody)?
Farsi requires double negatives. Whenever you use a negative pronoun like hich-kas (nobody) or hich-chiz (nothing), the verb must also be made negative. Literally, this translates to "nobody didn't buy".
What does the word ham mean after yek noskhe? Doesn't it usually mean "also"?
Yes, ham usually means "also" or "too". However, in negative sentences, it often translates to "even". Here, yek noskhe ham nakharid means "didn't buy even one copy".
Why do we use the object marker ra after ketab but not after yek noskhe?
The word ra is only used for specific, definite direct objects. ketab ra means "the book" (a specific book), while yek noskhe means "one copy" (indefinite), so it doesn't take ra.
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